Systems & Subsystems
What is a system?
A group of physical parts that work together to perform a function.
What is a force?
An interaction that can change the motion of an object.
What is the formula for work?
W = Force × Distance (W = F × d).
Name one natural and one human-made system.
Natural: Solar system or ecosystem; Human-made: Bicycle or can opener.
Name two types of forces other than mechanical.
Gravitational, magnetic, electrical, tensile, compressive, or rotational.
What unit is used to measure work and energy?
Joules (J).
What is an input and what is an output?
Input = force/energy/materials put in;
Output = task or service performed.
What does the length of a vector represent?
The magnitude (strength) of the force.
What is mass?
The amount of matter in an object.
Give an example of a mechanical system and the type of energy it uses.
Hand pump or can opener – mechanical energy.
What is the difference between static and sliding friction?
Static holds an object in place; sliding acts as a brake.
If you apply 50 N over 3 m, how much work is done?
150 J.
Describe the relationship between a system, subsystem, and component.
Subsystems are smaller systems within a system; each has components.
How does lubrication affect friction?
It reduces friction and heat, preventing wear on parts.
What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only change forms.