truth or dare
When the null is rejected even though it is true
What is Type I error?
Something that the experimenter purposely manipulates
What is Independent Variables?
A description of a statistic that did not result by chance
What is statistically significant?
A hypothesis that all differences between groups are due to chance
What is a Null Hypothesis?
a test used to compare a mean from a sample to a reference value
What is one sample t-test?
a number, calculated from a statistical test, that describes how likely you are to have found a particular set of observations if the null hypothesis were true
what is the p value?
A response or behavior that is measured at the end of an experiment
What is a dependent variable?
The probability that a statistical test will show a statistically significant result when an IV truly has an effect in the population
What is the power?
A hypothesis that differences between conditions are not due to chance
What is an alternative hypothesis?
a test used when the participants in each condition are different (and unmatched)
what is an independent samples t-test?
When the null is accepted even though it is false (there is a significant difference between groups)
What is a Type II error?
An inferential statistical test used to evaluate the difference between the means of two groups
what is a t-test?
The magnitude or size of the experimental treatment. The difference between the experimental group and the control group
what is an effect size?
An alternative hypothesis that also specifies how the means will differ
What is a directional hypothesis?
test used when the participants in each condition are the same (or when participants are matched)
what is a dependent samples t-test?
The thing you decrease to prevent Type I errors
What is the alpha?
the criteria for deciding whether the obtained p-value is low enough to reject the null hypothesis
what is the alpha?
The difference between the group means, divided by the standard deviation. A standardized representation of effect size.
What is Cohen's d?
The whole alpha is contained in one end of the bell curve distribution
what is a one-tailed test?
t tests, and other statistics that allow assumptions to be made about populations, fall under this type of statistic.
what is inferential statistics?
This is the type of error that is MOST important to avoid
What is Type I error?
This is the degrees of freedom formula for independent samples t tests
what is N-2?
This is the type of t-test which has the highest power
what is the paired or dependent samples t test?
Using the degrees of freedom formula for a one-sample t-test, this is the degrees of freedom for a sample of 10 people.
What is 9?
This is what you call the number you use as a comparison when deciding whether or not a sample is significant using a one-sample t-test
What is your reference value?