Earth History
Law of Superposition
Name 1)the smallest particle of matter and 2)name the 3 parts AND 3)give the charges for each...Yes, all that for 100 points..
Atom: protons, neutrons, electrons
What are the vertical columns on the Periodic Table and name 1 thing element in that column have in common.
Groups/Families all share the same number of valence electrons and react similarly.
When the nature of a substance changes, but the particles themselves stay the same.
Example: Ice melting
Physical change
What does evolution mean?
To change gradually over time
If T-Rex fossils were found at 50m below the surface, and Pterodactyl fossils found at 100m below, which is oldest, and according to what law?
Pterodactyl/ Law of Superposition
What is the purest substance that cannot be separated into a simpler substance
Element
What are the horizontal rows on the Periodic Table and what do members of each row have in common?
Periods. Elements in the same period have the same number of energy levels.
When the properties of the new substance are completely different and the particles are different too.
Example: Baking a cake
Chemical change
What is the record of Earth's history categorized by major events?
Geologic Time Scale
Name the two different dating methods and tell the main difference between the two.
Absolute dating gives the exact numeric age; Relative dating gives the age in relation to something else
Name a common compound and give the formula.
Water - H2O
Glucose - C6H12O6
Carbon Dioxide - CO2
Nitrates - NO3
Which Group is the MOST reactive of all? With which group do they readily bond?
Alkali metals. They readily react with the Halogens.
Hint: You would think we were talking about the Water Cycle if you didn't know any better...
A precipitate is formed
Why do most organism go extinct?
Because the environment changes and they cannot adapt to the changes.
Radioactive dating using the Carbon-14 method gives an exact age of a sample. This is an example of which type of dating?
Absolute dating
What part of the atom determines its reactivity?
Be specific!
What is the MAGIC NUMBER of valence electrons for a stable atom? Which Group/Family already has the MAGIC NUMBER?
8 - Noble Gases already have the MAGIC NUMBER
Name 2 examples of physical changes
Shredding/tearing paper, freezing, dissolving, boiling, melting wax, etc.
Who is the man that gave us the Theory of Evolution and Natural Selection?
Charles Darwin
The idea that all of the continents were once combined in one land mass and broke apart. Evidence could be:
Continents fit like puzzle pieces, Identical fossils found on different continents, Identical rock sequence (geology), Ancient climate (example tropical fossils found on Antarctica)
How can you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom of an element?
Atomic mass # - Atomic # = # Neutrons
Beginning with the Alkali Metals and moving right to the Noble Gases, describe how reactivity changes to the best of your ability. Talk it out as a team.
Answers will vary but basically...
From far left...Alkali Metals- highly reactive, then
Alkaline Earth Metals - less reactive, then
Transition - Poor Metals - Metalloids - somewhat reactive, then
Halogens - Highly reactive nonmetals, and lastly
Noble Gases - Do not react at all
Name 2 examples of chemical changes
iron rusting, burning coal, baking a cake, mixing vinegar and baking soda, cooking an egg, etc.
What is meant by the phrase "Survival of the Fittest"?
Only the strong survive! Those organisms that can survive live long enough to reproduce and pass their traits on to the next generation.