Language & brain
Acquisition of words
Word recognition
Bonus
Challenge?
100
True or False: People with Broca's aphasia have brain lesions in the same brain area.
False. Only 50-60% of people who have Broca’s aphasia have a lesion in Broca’s area.
100
Which of the following words would be the easiest for children to learn without any linguistic context according to Gillette et al.’s (1999) study?
a. think
b. luck
c. wander
d. flower
Flower
100
Which of the following word pairs would be expected to show semantic priming effects?
a. dog - CAR
b. shoes - CARDS
c. pine - PALM TREE
d. chocolate - HEART
pine - PALM TREE
100
What is syntactic bootstrapping in child language acquisition?
Syntactic bootstrapping is a learning process in which the interpretation of verbs is guided by the syntactic structure of sentences.
As early as 2 years old, children can distinguish the transitive use from the intransitive use of the same verb.
100
Provide an example of homographs.
Bat
Bank
Seal
200
What brain imaging techniques can answer localization questions?
fMRI and MEG
200
Please arrange the following words in the order of subordinate - basic - superordinate level.
Tree
Plant
Willow
Willow - Tree - Plant
200
True or False
The dual route model aims to account for spoken word acquisition.
False, it's for written word recognition
200
True or false:
Patients with Broca’s aphasia have no difficulties in understanding all the syntactic structures.
False. Patients with Broca’s aphasia experience difficulties with complex syntactic structures, e.g., passives, multiple clauses
200
True or false:
The cohort model assumes that contextual cues are the most crucial part of auditory word recognition
False! Cohort model assumes the left edge (onset) of the word is the most crucial part of auditory word recognition.
300
What ERP component do we expect to observe from reading "A cat are running"?
P600 - elicited by a grammatical error
300
If children learn that “pony” and “horse” refer to the same object, what assumption is violated?
a. Whole object assumption
b. Mutual exclusivity principle
c. Meronymic hypothesis
d. Taxonomic Hypothesis
Mutual exclusivity principle
300
Which spoken word recognition model can help us account for Mondegreens?
TRACE model
300
What ERP component would we expect to observe from the following example?
N400
300
Provide a pair of words that form a morphological neighborhood.
eg. lock & unlock/locker
400
What ERP component would be elicited by the sentence: "I shaved my mustache and grammar."
N400. The N400 is associated with semantic processing.
400
How many argument does the verb have in the following sentence?
"Messi sent a gift to every player."
3 (Messi, a gift, every player)
400
Under the dual route model, which route might you use in recognizing the following word? Hint: it is a high frequency word.
"rhythm"
Direct route
400
Consider the dialogue:
A: You're on holiday next week. Are you flying?
B: No, I'm taking the airplane.
What is the concept that this dialogue illustrates with regard to the verb fly?
a. homophones
b. polysemy
c. homographs
The illustrated concept is polysemy: the verb fly has multiple related meanings.
400
Which pair of words are the closest cohort competitors?
a. sell - buy
b. park - part
c. read - unread
d. trick - flick
b. park - part
500
In the following sentences, which key word would elicit the greatest N400 effect?
a. The pizza is too hot to cry
b. The pizza is too hot to drink
c. The pizza is too hot to eat
a. The pizza is too hot to cry
500
A child using “blue jay” for all the birds is an instance of ________ .
(Think about categorization in word acquisition)over-extension.
500
True or False
The results from Jared & Seidenberg (1991) showed that we usually use the direct route for low-frequency word recognition.
False, we use the assembled phonology route for low-frequency words
500
Which of the following word sequences would be expected to show mediated semantic priming effects?
a. yellow - (orange) - banana
b. war - (peace) - quiet
c. pine - (pie) - pipe
d. button - (shirt) - clothes
war - (peace) - quiet
500
In the Cherokee writing system, the symbol Ꮳ represents the syllable tsa. Which type of writing system does this illustrate?
Syllabic