Language & brain
Acquisition of words
Word recognition
Bonus
Challenge?
100
True or False: People with Wernicke's aphasia have brain lesions in the same brain area.
False, those who have aphasia do not necessarily have lesions in the same brain areas.
100
Which of the following words would be the easiest for children to learn without any linguistic context according to Gillette et al.’s (1999) study?
a. think
b. luck
c. wonder
d. flower
Flower
100
Which of the following word pairs would be expected to show semantic priming effects?
a. dog - CAR
b. shoes - CARDS
c. pine - PALM TREE
d. chocolate - HEART
pine - PALM TREE
100
True or false:
Syntactic bootstrapping is a learning process in which the interpretation of verbs is guided by the structure of sentences.
True
100
What are "thematic roles"? Is there evidence suggesting children make use of thematic roles in learning new words?
Thematic role characterizes the relationship between the participant and the event. 21-month-olds could use the concepts of agent and patient to figure out the meaning of a verb-like nonword.
200
What brain imaging techniques can answer localization questions?
fMRI and MEG
200
Please arrange the following words in the order of subordinate - basic - superordinate level.
Tree
Plant
Willow
Willow - Tree - Plant
200
Identify the pair of homophones.
a. see, observe
b. there, their
c. reed, red
d. near, sneer
b. there, their
200
True or false:
Patients with Broca’s aphasia have no difficulties in understanding all the syntactic structures.
False! People with Broca's aphasia have difficulties understanding complex syntactic structures (e.g., passive constructions, multiple clauses)
200
True or false:
The term 'word neighborhood' refers to words that are only related in terms of their meaning.
False, words can be related in terms of meaning (semantic), form (phonology), or morphology.
300
What ERP component do we expect to observe from reading "A cat are running "?
P600
300
If children learn that “pony” and “horse” refer to the same object, what assumption is violated?
a. Whole object assumption
b. Mutual exclusivity principle
c. Meronymic hypothesis
d. Taxonomic Hypothesis
Mutual exclusivity principle
300
Which spoken word recognition model can help us account for Mondegreens (e.g., hearing "throttle" as "bottle")?
TRACE model
300
Provide an example of a sentence that would elicit P600 ERP component.
any ungrammatical sentence
300
Provide a pair of words that form a morphological neighborhood.
eg. lock & unlock/locker
400
What is the ERP component illustrated in the figure below?
N400
400
How many argument does the verb have in the following sentence?
"Messi sent a gift to every player."
3 (Messi, a gift, every player)
400
Which word sequence would best elicit mediated semantic priming?
a. yellow -> banana -> apple
b. broth -> brother -> brown
c. oven -> pan -> bread
d. coffee -> milk -> sugar
a. yellow -> banana -> apple
400
What is the concept that captures the "sense" of a particular word (e.g., the word "paper" for a piece of paper, newspaper, or article)?
a. homophone
b. polysemy
c. homograph
b. polysemy
400
True or false:
The cohort model assumes that contextual cues are the more crucial part of auditory word recognition
False! Cohort model assumes the left edge (phonological onset) of the word is the most crucial part of auditory word recognition.
500
In the following sentences, which key word would elicit the greatest N400 effect?
a. The pizza is too hot to cry
b. The pizza is too hot to drink
c. The pizza is too hot to eat
500
True or false:
Using “blue jay” for all the birds is an instance of children under-extending the category.
False, it's over-extension.
500
You are carrying out an eye-tracking experiment using this display from Allopena et al. (1998). The scene contains a speaker, a beatle, a carriage, and a beaker. The longer eye fixation on the beatle compared to the speaker at the prompt "Pick up the beaker" is best explained by _____.
a. McGurk effect
b. Cohort model
c. Semantic priming
d. TRACE model
d. Cohort model
500
What brain imaging technique captures hemodynamic (bloodflow) activity?
fMRI
500
A deaf ASL signer suffering from Broca's Aphasia would:
a. have difficulty lip reading
b. have difficulty understanding other people's ASL signs
c. have difficulty generating ASL signs they once knew well
d. lose all knowledge of ASL
c. have difficulty generating ASL signs they once knew well