Linguo-Cultural Problems of Translation
What problem comes from culture differences?
Cultural gap
What are fixed expressions called?
Phraseologisms
What shows translation similarity?
Equivalence
What is word-for-word translation?
Literal translation
What method follows original structure?
Literal Method
What are culture-specific items called?
Realia
What type is “kick the bucket”?
Idiom
What type keeps original form
Formal equivalence
What focuses on meaning?
Free translation
What method adapts meaning freely?
Communicative
What strategy keeps foreign culture?
Foreignization
Can idioms be translated literally?
No
What type keeps effect?
Dynamic equivalence
What translates speech?
Interpreting
What theory focuses on purpose?
Skopos theory
What strategy adapts to target culture?
Domestication
What is a similar idiom called?
Equivalent
What type works at text level?
Textual equivalence
What is translation within one language?
intralingual
Who developed dynamic equivalence?
Nida
What is cultural meaning loss?
What is cultural meaning loss?
What method explains an idiom?
Praphrase
What type focuses on function?
Functional equivalence
What is translation between languages?
Interlingual
What theory focuses on function?
Functionalism