Vocabulary
What is radiation in the form of waves from the sun called?
electromagnetic radiation (IR and UV a.k.a. Visible Light)
convection takes place in _______ and _______.
gases and liquids
These wind systems not only influence the weather, they also determine when and where ships and planes travel most efficiently, it occurs with the help of earth's rotation.
the Coriolis Effect
What is a factor of surface currents?
Earth's rotation (Air Pressure and Coriolis Effect)
What is the deep ocean currents that circle the earth's oceans?
Global Conveyor Belt
Upwelling occurs when dense, cold water rises and brings up what?
What is nutrients to the ocean surface.
What is associated with good weather, air sinking, clear skies.
What is high pressure?
What is a convection current?
Movement of liquid of a liquid or gas, caused by unevenness heat.
How does the Coriolis Effect affect wind circulation in the Northern Hemisphere?
Air coming from the poles turn to the left and air coming from the equator turns to the right.
One example of a surface current is what?
What is the Gulf Stream
What Causes Deep Ocean Currents?
Earth's rotation, sun and salinity. (Density and Temperature)
When winds blow surface currents away from shore, the warm surface water can be replaced by cold, nutrient rich water from the deep ocean is called what?
What is Upwelling.
What is the boundary line where air masses meet.
What are fronts?
Convection is the transfer of _________.
heat
Name the three (3) types of Global Winds and the four (4) types of Local Winds
What are the Easterlies, Westerlies, and Trade Winds
What are the Sea, Land, Mountain, and Valley Breeze.
What are the three (3) different factors that play a role in determining surface currents?
What are Global Winds, The Coriolis Effect, and Continental Deflection.
When the density of the ocean water changes, it will do what?
Rise or Sink
Upwelling is important to what?
What is ocean life
What is a mass of rising warm air that usually brings wet, stormy weather.
What is low pressure?
What is the rising of warm air currents and the falling of cold air currents?
convection
How do global wind patterns move?
From high pressure to low pressure
How does salinity affect density currents?
Changes in salt concentration at the ocean surface affect the weight of surface waters. Fresh water is light and floats on the surface, while salty water is heavy and sinks.
Cold, sinking water forms what?
What is deep currents
The nutrients that rise feed organisms. Name the two types of organisms that feed on the nutrients.
What are Phytoplankton and Zooplankton.
The way Earth's rotation make in the Northern hemisphere curve to the right and winds in the Southern hemisphere curve to the left.
What is Corilois Effect?
What are the 3 types of heat transfer?
Radiation, Convection, and Conduction.
What causes the global wind patterns?
the spin of the earth combined with the uneven heating of earth's surface.
How does temperature affect density currents?
When a substance is cooler at the surface, the density increases in the substance and the substance sinks due to the increased density. It moves slowly across the ocean floor towards the equator.
How do deep ocean currents form?
By salinity (density) and temperature of the ocean water.
Convection currents can be what?
What is vertical, circular, and cyclical.