Voting
The belief that an individual's participation in the political process will make a difference
What is political efficacy?
Set of goals created and promoted by a political party
What is a party platform?
Linkage institution that can set agenda on what issues are salient to voters
What is the media?
A fundraising organization, usually aligned with a specific candidate or legislation
What is a PAC?
Model of democracy in which organized groups compete with each other to influence policy
What is pluralist?
A voting system in which the candidate that receives the most votes wins all representation
What is winner-takes-all? (or plurality/majority)
Method in which an interest group directly tries to persuade government officials to support their interests
What is lobbying?
The system in which electors chosen by the state formally vote in the presidential election based on the results of the state's election
What is the Electoral College?
Political spending in which the donor is not disclosed and the source of the money is unknown
What is dark money?
A stable long-term relationship between a congressional committee, interest group, and bureaucratic agency/department
What is an iron triangle?
This amendment allowed voters to directly elect U.S. Senators
What is the 17th Amendment?
An organization that focuses on one policy/topic
What is a single-issue group?
This case established that there's heavy presumption against the constitutionality of the government's claim of prior restraint due to the 1st Amendment's freedom of press
What is the New York Times v. United States?
This case established that federal spending by corporations, associations, and unions is protected under the 1st Amendment as freedom of speech
What is Citizens United v. FEC (Federal Elections Commission)?
Process initiated by the House of Representatives when a president is charged with treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors
What is impeachment?
This amendment lowered the voting age from 21 to 18 years old
What is the 26th Amendment?
An issue in which individuals benefit from the work of an interest group without providing financial support
What is the free-rider problem?
The fact that incumbents are far more likely to win re-election due to name recognition and increased resources
What is incumbency phenomenon?
A fundraising organization that can raise and spend unlimited funds to support or oppose a candidate, as long as they don't give directly to a candidate or coordinate strategically with their campaign
What is a SuperPAC?
Document written by Alexander Hamilton in order to argue the need for a strong singular leader
What is Federalist 70?
The 4 models of voting behavior
What is rational choice, retrospective, prospective, and straight ticket voting?
A document that an interest group provides SCOTUS in order to provide information about an issue/topic
What is an amicus curiae brief?
What is policy?
A 2002 law that attempted to ban "soft money" and reduce attack ads with "Stand By Your Ad" requirement
What is the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act?
Article of the Constitution that established the executive branch
What is Article 2 of the Constitution?