CNS Development
What is CNS maturation characterized by?
Change in ratio of gray to white matter
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What are dendrites responsible for?
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What do neurons do?
Regulate sensorimotor and higher functions (cognition/language)
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What is the most malignant tumor?
Glioblastoma
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What is Myasthenia gravis?
An autoimmune neuromuscular disorder in which post-synaptic Acetylcholine receptors are damaged by antibodies. Symptoms include progressive muscle weakness
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What age range is the critical period of development when neuronal migration and specialization occurs?
0-4 years
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What are axons responsible for?
Transmitting information away to other neurons or target tissue (efferent)
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What do glial cells do?
Protect neurons and repair tissue
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What is the scale that malignant tumors are graded on for malignancy?
I-IV
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This demyelinating disease of the CNS leaves scar-like lesions and is caused by damage to myelin, which slows nerve conduction and kills nerve cells
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
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What percentage of gray matter dies during apoptosis?
50%
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What are the 2 locations of the body that bipolar neurons are found?
Ear and eye
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What glial cell forms the lining around the ventricular surface of the ventricular cavity in the CNS?
Ependymal cells
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What type of tumor is an acoustic neuroma?
Benign
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What disease is a result of dopamine depletion?
Parkinson's Disease
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Define neuroplasticity
The brain's ability to reorganize and optimize its functioning
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What class of neuron is T-shaped and has cells in the spinal dorsal roots?
Unipolar
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Which glial cell is responsible for forming myelin sheaths around axons in the CNS?
Oligodendrocytes
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Name one of the three common malignant tumors
Astrocytoma, ependymoma, oligodendroglioma
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Define Guillain-Barre syndrome
A demyelinating disease of the PNS
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Define synaptogenesis
The development of synapses. Growth cones form with sensory or motor inclinations, cell-adhesive molecules, and neuritic inhibitory factors
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What is held in the synaptic terminal?
Neurotransmitters
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Describe saltatory conduction
Action potentials in myelinated axons jump between the Nodes of Ranvier
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Where do oligodendrogliomas arise from?
The frontal cortex
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Alzheimer disease is due to poor projection of ___________ neurons
Cholinergic
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