Key Terms
During this process, a higher density plate slides under a lower density plate.
What is subduction?
Fractures in the Earth's crust where blocks of rock move relative to each other, causing earthquakes when movement is sudden, or slow creep otherwise.
What is a fault?
These form when an oceanic plate is above a hotspot.
What are chains of volcanic islands?
The type of boundaries that destroy the Earth’s crust.
What are convergent boundaries?
The Mid-Ocean Ridge is an example of this kind of plate boundary.
What is oceanic-oceanic divergent?
A depression where an oceanic plates goes under a continental plate.
What is a trench?
A measure of the magnitude of an earthquake.
What is the Richter Scale?
Massive mountain range resulting from two divergent plates under the Atlantic ocean.
What is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?
The type of boundary formed when two tectonic plates move toward each other and COLLIDE.
What is a convergent boundary?
What type of boundary results in sea floor spreading at the New Ocean Basin.
What is oceanic-oceanic divergent?
The result of a sudden release of energy in the lithosphere that creates seismic waves.
What is an earthquake?
A transform boundary found in California where the Pacific Plate and the North American plate slide past each other?
What is the San Andreas Fault?
When hardening mantle piles up and creates underwater mountains.
What is a mid-ocean ridge?
At this type of boundary, new crust is formed.
What is a constructive boundary?
What kind of boundary results in subducting plates that results in volcanic islands and trenches?
What is oceanic-oceanic convergent?
Extra hot mantle reservoirs under the Earth's crust that cause volcanic eruptions on the tectonic plate.
What are hotspots?
A continental plate sitting on top of a hotspot would cause an eruption that creates one of these.
What causes a Supervolcano?
Examples include the diverging continental plates: Iceland-Eurasian and North American
What is a rift valley?
This type of boundary forms when two tectonic plates move away from each other, causing magma to rise.
What is a divergent boundary?
Which type of plate boundary results in volcanic mountain arcs and trenches where one plates subducts underneath the other?
What is oceanic-continental convergent?
A measure of eruption size that includes material ejected, eruption height, and duration.
What is the Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI)
A large, cauldron-like depression that forms when supervolcano collapses inward after a massive eruption.
What is a caldera?
Formed when new magma rises, creating new crust as two continental plates diverge and split.
What are rift valleys?
When two plates slide horizontally past each other, causing shearing motion, crustal deformation, and frequent shallow earthquakes, without creating or destroying significant amounts of new crust.
What is a transform boundaries?
Divergent Boundary Effects
Oceanic-Oceanic