The Earth
Galileo used observations of the phases of this object to justify the heliocentric model of the solar system
Venus
Because the Moon is always half lit and orbits the Earth we see the moon as having these
Phases
Spring tides during new Moon phases are sometimes accompanied by these
Solar eclipses
These are Earth's shadows two distinct parts
The umbra and the penumbra
This is the Moon phase where to Moon is more than half full but not yet full
waxing Gibbous
Constellations change with the season because the Earth does this
revolves
The Moon has greater effect on the tides than does the Sun because the Moon is this
closer to Earth
Galileo's discovery of the phases of Venus supported this model of the the solar system.
Heliocentric
Before and after the quarter moon phases are these two phases of the Moon
The crescent and gibbous phases
The new Moon occurs when the Moon's orbit brings it closer to this object
The Sun
The geocentric model proposed by Ptolemy used these to justify the retrograde motion of the planets observed in the night sky
epicycles
Partial lunar eclipses occur when the moon passes through this portion of the Earths shadow
umbra
Observers of partial solar eclipses are in this portion of the Moon's shadow
penumbra
This occurs where the Moons gravitational pull is both strongest and weakest
High Tide
There are this many high and low tides per day
Two
Because Earth orbits the Sun, is spherical and has cleared its orbit of other objects it can be considered one of these
A planet
The Moon's craters remain today because of these two reasons
the Moon has no atmosphere or any geologic activity
We enjoy the longest period of daylight because Earth is at its maximum tilt towards the Sun during this event
Summer solstice
These Moon phases are happening when the solar and lunar tides align creating spring tides
the new and full moons
Convection currents in the convection zone cause these to occur
Solar flares
The tilt of the Earth produces
the seasons
During waning moon phases the sun shines on this side of the Moon
Left
These events provide equal amounts of day and night
Spring and Fall Equinox
At the first and last quarter moons the solar and lunar tides interfere with one another causing this
Neap tide
From the Moon the view of a Lunar eclipse would actually appear to be this
Solar eclipse
Summer in the Northern hemisphere means winter here
southern hemisphere
when the Moon travels completely in the Earth’s umbra
total lunar eclipse
During a total lunar eclipse the Moon falls into this portion of the Earths shadow
umbra
This occurs when the new moon travels directly between the Earth and the Sun.
total solar eclipse
Mass and gravity have this type of relationship to each other
direct
This is when the Northern or Southern Hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun
Summer
If you traveled to the moon your mass would remain unchanged but this would be less
your weight
This occurs when the Earth passes beneath the Moon's umbra
Total Solar eclipse
This is the plane or ellipses our planet travels through which provides the patterns of constellations that we see
Zodiac
These two factors keep satellites in orbit around larger masses.
Gravity and Inertia