Cells
Do all organisms have cells?
No! Only multicellular organisms have cells.
Name all tissue types.
Epithelial, Connective, Muscular and Nervous
A disease where the body attacks its own cells is called?
An autoimmune disease
How many bones are in the human body? (Adult)
206
What type of tissue is the epidermis made of?
Epithelial
What is osmosis?
Diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane?
2 examples of connective tissue.
Blood, bone, fat, cartilage.
What is phagocytosis?
Process of engulfing or "eating" bacteria or other materials.
Name 3 functions of the skeletal system.
Facilitates movement.
Supports the body.
Protects internal organs.
Produces blood cells.
Stores and releases minerals and fats.
Endocrine glands are secreted into _____
The bloodstream
What is the cell membrane called?
The phospholipid Bilayer.
Which tissue type covers and protects the body?
Epithelial Tissue
What is the difference between an antigen and an antibody?
Antigen - toxin or foreign substance that induces an immune response
Antibodies - Combine with foreign substances to initiate their death.
What is the correct order of the segments of the spine? Top to bottom.
Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral.
The dermis is rich in ____ endings and ____ vessels.
Nerve endings and blood vessels
What is mitosis?
Cell division and replication that results in 2 identical daughter cells.
What is the difference between smooth and skeletal muscle?
Skeletal muscle is voluntary and striated, while smooth muscle is involuntary and non-striated.
What is the difference between innate and adaptive immunity? (time and specificity).
Innate immunity is rapid and non-specific, while adaptive immunity is slower but highly specific and has memory.
What do osteoblasts do?
Form new bone.
Protection from elements.
sensory input
thermoregulation]
vitamin D synthesis
How much potassium and sodium does the sodium-potassium pump move? And which is moved in/ which is moved out?
What is the role of stem cells in tissue regeneration and repair?
Stem cells can differentiate into specialised cells to replace damaged tissue.
What is the difference between B and T cells?
B cells - mark pathogenic cells for destruction, making it easier for the immune system to target.
T cells - Actively destroy pathogenic cells.
Haematopoeisis
Name the 5 layers of strata.
stratum: basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidium, cornue.