Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
100
What characteristics do all living things have?
MRS GREN
Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, and NutritionTo classify what is a living organism.
100
Name to cell structures that are in both animal and plant cell.
What are:
cell membrane, nucleus, ribosomes, mitochondria, cytoplasm
100
What process requires energy for substances to enter the cell?
What is active transport
100
What are the names of the 3 biological molecules we learned?
carbohydrates
Fats (Lipids)
protein
100
What is a catalyst?
Something that will speed up a chemical reaction.
200
what is:
chemical reactions that release energy from nutrient molecules
What is respiration
200
Name the part of the cell that:
a) makes protein
b) does photosynthesis
a) ribosome
b) chloroplast or chlorophyll
200
Explain why diffusion happens faster at high temperature than at a low temperature?
As temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the molecules is increase, causing the diffusion rate to increase as well.
200
Give the names of 2 carbohydrates.
Strach
cellulose
surcrose
maltose
glucose
200
enzymes end in what three letters -_ _ _
and give names of 2 enzymes you know.
end in -ase
protease
amylase
lipase
maltose
lactose
catalase . . .
300
This question has two parts:
1. The animal kingdom is broken down into two parts, what are they?
2. You see an animal with these descriptions, an animal with 4 limbs, the skin has scales, it lays soft shell eggs, and lives on land. What is it?
1. What is a vertebrate or invertebrate.
2. What is a reptile.
300
A student draws a red blood cell.
The diameter of the cell is 0.008mm, the image of the cell is 2 cm.
What is the magnification of the drawing?
Mag. = image/actual
M = (2.0cm x 10) / 0.008mm
M = 20mm / 0.008mm
M = 2500
300
Plants need nitrate molecules to make amino acids and protein. These molecules are too large to go through the cell membrane. How can these molecules enter the cell for the plant cell to make proteins?
The nitrate molecule will enter the cell by the protein carrier on the membrane. The protein carrier will use energy to open and push the ion in the cell.
300
What is the solution we use to test for:
a) Starch,
b) Sugars
c) Lipids
a) iodine
b) Benedict's solution
c) alcohol (ethanol)
300
What are 2 factors that affect enzymes activity and state a way that enzymes can become denatured.
Temperature and pH value can affect their activity.
It can become denatured at high temperature or low/high pH values.
400
State two visible features that distinguishes a fish from this amphibian. 
Skin is scaly
Has fins instead of external limbs
Has gills
400
Bacterial are what type of cells? (hint, it's one of the kingdoms)
Also, what is one similarity and one difference between a plant cell.
Bacteria is a prokaryotic cell.
Bacteria and plant cells both have a cell wall, the difference is that bacteria has plasmids and no nucleus and mitochondria.
400
What is plasmolyse? Does this affect animal or plant cells and why is this so dangerous?
Plasmolyse is when a plant cell membrane tears away from the cell wall. This damages the membrane and can kill the cell.
400
DNA is found in the cell.
Which pairs of nucleotides are combines?
If a cell's DNA is mutated, and its base sequence changes, would the cell still be able to produce protein?
Pairs: A-T & C-G
If the DNA base sequence changes, it may affect its ability to create protein. The codes to produce protein are on the DNA and if the codes are not the same, then it won't be able to create that protein.
400
Answer the following question with the image.
Describe the effect of temperature on this enzyme. [4]
The rate of reaction speeds up from zero degrees to 40 degress.
The optimum temperature is at 40 degrees.
After 40 degrees to around 58, the rate of reaction decreeses.
The enzyme becomes denatured after 58 or at 60 degrees.
500
(b) is not needed for the exam, but good to know
ai) Mammal
aii) has hair or fur / external ears
aii) Sexual reproduction is when two gametes, one from the mother and the other from the father, these fuse to form a zygote. It produces a genetically different offspring.
500
This is an image of a grain of salt
It's magnified by 150, and the image diameter is 5.5 cm. What is its actual size in micrometer?
M = I/A; A = I/M
I = 5.5cm x 10 x 1000 = 55,000 micrometer
A = 55,000/150
A = 366 micrometer
500
Explain what will happen to plant cells when they are placed in these solutions:
a) 30% salt solution
b) pure water
a) The plant cell will lose water due to osmosis, since outside the cell has less water potential. This will cause the plant cell to become flaccid and lose turgid pressure.
b) The plant cell will gain water by osmosis, since its cell has lower water potential. The gain of water will increase its turgid pressure and become turgid.
500
You are testing two solutions, A and B. You are seeing if they contain reducing sugars. What is the test you would do, and explain the procedure.
You would use Benedicts solution.
1. place 5 cc of solution A and B in different test-tubes.
2. place 5 cc of Benedicts solution in both test-tubes (A and B)
3. Place the test-tubes in a water bath with water between (60-70 degrees).
4. Wait for about 5 minutes and wait for a colour change.
5. If the solutions turned green, yellow, or red, it will contain reducing sugars.
500
Lactose-free milk is milk that has had its lactose turned into glucose.
In your own words, explain how the enzyme lactase creates this milk?
The enzyme lactase is put into the milk. It will collide with the sugar, lactose, and become the enzyme-substrate complex. The lactose will be broken down into glucose and released from the enzyme.
The enzyme then collides to another lactose molecule, and the steps are repeated.