Acids/Bases
Define "dissociate" and explain what this word has to do with acids and bases.
To break apart. Acids and bases dissociate when placed in water.
Name a body of water that has high salinity.
Great Salt Lake.
Otherwise, the Law of Conservation of Mass would be violated?
Name all 5 types of reactions.
Synthesis, decomposition, single displacement, double displacement, combustion
What is a synthetic material?
A material made by man, and not found in nature.
If tomato juice is acidic, why doesn't it taste sour?
The sugar content overpowers the sour taste.
BONUS 500 Points!
Define concentration in the context of solutions.
The amount of solute dissolved in the solution.
Balance this equation:
Al2O3 --> Al + O2
2Al2O3 --> 4Al + 3O2
Which type of reaction is the following:
Al2O3 --> Al + O2
Decomposition
What is tartrazine? Name 2 foods that contain it.
A yellow food dye that is synthetic. M&Ms, twinkies, pringles, etc.
BONUS 500 Points!
A substance that changes color in acids or bases is called ...
An indicator!
Red blood cells (bottom)
Plasma (top)
Balance this equation:
AgNO3 + Na2CO3 --> Ag2CO3 + NaNO3
2AgNO3 + Na2CO3 --> Ag2CO3 + 2NaNO3
What does the word "synthesis" actually mean?
To bring together; to gather
How was super glue discovered?
A chemist was developing a plastic gun sight during WWII, but the material he tested was far too sticky-- it adhered to everything! 10 years later, it was launched as a product.
Gold, platinum, silver, copper
Describe why the freezing point of water is lowered when salt is added.
Salt ions disrupt the hydrogen bonds that could form, keeping water molecules sliding past each other rather than remaining still.
Is dry ice an example of a physical or a chemical change? Explain.
Physical change. Frozen CO2 is turning into gaseous CO2, but no chemical bonds are being broken!
BONUS 500 POINTS!
What type of reaction is the following?
AgNO3 + Na2CO3 --> Ag2CO3 + NaNO3
Double displacement
How was artificial sweetener discovered?
A chemist was working with coal tar derivatives and forgot to wash his hands after being in the lab. Upon eating dinner, he discovered his food tasted extremely sweet!
If 6 molecules of HCl and 4 molecules of NaOH are dropped in water, will the pH of the water be acidic, basic, or neutral?
Acidic! HCl breaks apart into H+ and Cl-. NaOH breaks apart into Na+ and OH-. Since there are more H+ ions floating around, the solution will have a pH less than 7.
If you took a 25 gram sample of the Atlantic ocean, how much salt would be dissolved in it? (The Atlantic ocean has a salinity of 36 ppt)
0.9 grams
Balance this equation:
C5H12 + O2 --> CO2 + H2O
C5H12 + 8O2 --> 5CO2 + 6H2O
What type of reaction is the following?
C5H12 + O2 --> CO2 + H2O
Combustion
How was teflon (non-stick coating) discovered?
A chemist was experimenting with refrigerant gas, and found a waxy coating on the inside of a pressurized container.