Transmission
an infectious agent is transferred from a reservoir to a susceptible host by direct contact or droplet spread
What is Direct Transmission?
is a set of standard criteria for classifying whether a person has a particular disease, syndrome, or other health condition
What is case?
a field of science that studies health problems within populations
What is Epidemiology?
intervening before health effects occur
What is Primary Prevention?
a person with inapparent infection who is capable of transmitting the pathogen to others
What is Carrier?
the transfer of an infectious agent from a reservoir to a host by suspended air particles
What is Indirect Transmission?
the first disease case in the population
What is Primary Case?
a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time
What is epidemic?
screening to identify diseases in the earliest. stages, before the onset of signs and symptoms
What is Secondary Prevention?
an infected individual who can transmit the disease to others
What is Active Carrier?
the spread of an infectious agent caused by the dissemination of droplet nuclei (aerosols) that remain infectious when suspended in air over long distances and time
those persons who become infected an ill after a disease has been introduced into a population and who become infected from contact with the primary case.
What is Secondary case?
(of a disease) prevalent over a whole country or the world.
prevention that focuses on people who are already affected by a disease
What is Tertiary Prevention?
is contaminated with the pathogen and can mechanically transmit it to another hos
What is Passive Carrier?
any non-living substance or object that can be contaminated by an infectious agent, which then transmits it to a new host
What is Vehicle Transmission?
has all of the signs and symptoms of a disease or condition yet has not been diagnosed as having the disease or has the cause of the symptoms connected to a suspected pathogen.
What is Suspect Case?
(of a disease or condition) regularly found among particular people or in a certain area
What is Endemic?
a person being personally involved
ex lifestyle changes
What is Active Primary Prevention?
those who have recovered from their illness but remain capable of transmitting to others
What is Convalescent Carrier?
direct vector-borne transmission of a pathogen, in which it undergoes biological changes within the vector before transmission to a new host
What is Biological Transmission?
the first identified case in a group of related cases of a particular communicable or heritable disease.
What is Index Case?
characteristics of both common source and propagated epidemics.
What is Mixed Epidemic?
person is not actively involved
ex pubic health efforts (clean water)
What is Passive Primary Prevention?
those who can transmit the agent during the incubation period before clinical illness begins
What is Incubatory Carrier?