Trends in modern ELT
What does “blended learning” mean?
Combining face-to-face and online instruction
What is the main goal of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)?
Developing communicative competence
What type of feedback is “Good try, but check your verb tense”?
Metalinguistic feedback
What’s the difference between semantics and pragmatics in understanding meaning?
Semantics = literal meaning; Pragmatics = meaning in context.
What is washback in testing?
The effect of testing on teaching and learning
How has technology changed the role of the teacher in the classroom?
Teachers act more as facilitators and guides than as sole information sources.
What is the teacher’s role in Task-Based Language Teaching?
Facilitator or guide rather than controller
A student says “He go to school.” What’s the best teacher response using recast?
“Oh, he goes to school.”
How do speech acts help teachers understand learner communication?
They reveal the speaker’s intention (request, apology, etc.) beyond literal words.
What’s the difference between objective and subjective test items?
Objective = one correct answer (e.g., MCQ); Subjective = open-ended, judged by teacher (e.g., essay).
What’s learner autonomy, and why is it encouraged in modern ELT?
Learners take responsibility for their learning; it increases motivation and effectiveness.
Which traditional method focuses on translation and grammar rules?
Grammar-Translation Method
Name one activity that promotes authentic communication.
Role-play, information gap, problem-solving task
What helps speakers understand indirect language, like sarcasm or jokes?
Context, tone, shared background knowledge.
Why is reliability important in testing?
It ensures that results are consistent across time and groups.
What are some advantages of using AI tools (like ChatGPT) in ELT?
Instant feedback, personalized practice, and access to authentic materials.
Name one advantage and one disadvantage of the Audio-Lingual Method.
+ Habit formation
– Limited creativity
How can a teacher lower students’ affective filter?
Create supportive, low-anxiety environment
How can teachers teach politeness strategies?
Through role-plays, authentic dialogues, awareness-raising tasks
Which type of test measures what a learner can do in real-life contexts?
Performance-based or communicative test
What’s the main goal of “inclusive education” in language classrooms today?
Ensuring all learners, regardless of background or ability, can participate and succeed.
What’s the main difference between learner-centered and teacher-centered approaches?
Learner-centered emphasizes interaction and autonomy; teacher-centered focuses on control and explanation.
Explain how scaffolding supports learner autonomy.
Provides temporary support that is gradually removed as competence grows
Why can literal translations cause pragmatic misunderstandings?
Because expressions or politeness levels differ across cultures.
Name two types of feedback timing.
Immediate and delayed