Confessions
What was the first cause of prayer in Augustine’s life?
to not be beaten in school
According to The Apostles’ Creed, where was Jesus during the three days his body rested in the grave?
hell
What has King Ceowulf done that is so pleasing to Bede?
asked for Bede's history
The sparse populations in Europe in the early Middle Ages (6th and 7th centuries) was the result of:
poor weather, poor soil for farming, difficulty clearing forests for arable land
Which people group were dominated by the Rus Vikings and eventually became Russia?
Eastern Slavs
Why does Augustine say he wrote Confessions?
to demonstrate God's redemptive powers
The Nicene Creed makes it clear that Jesus is of what kind of substance with the Father?
One
Who is sent to Britain to fight the Pelagian Heresy?
Germanus
Who undertook 54 military campaigns to re-establish Rome?
Charlemagne
Rights to free farmers, trade boosting economy, military reconquering lands, and active missionary efforts all contributed to the golden age of the________________.
Byzantines
Why are sights and sounds temptations to Augustine?
they are distractions
According to the Apostles’ Creed and the Nicene Creed, Jesus is preparing to:
come again to judge the living and the dead
What point of contention in the church does Bede seem most concerned about in the selections we read?
the dating of Easter
What is a vassal?
warrior who swears loyalty to a noble
Which “class” was the aristocracy in the High Middle Ages?
men of war
How does Augustine eventually resolve “The Problem of Evil?”
Evil is not a substance opposing good; evil the absence of God
According to the Apostle’s Creed, how was Jesus born?
God is his father, conceived by the Holy Spirit; born of virgin Mary
Why does Gregory suggest the British temples of idols be converted instead of destroyed and rebuilt?
More practical to use them; easier to get people to convert if you don’t turn their lives upside down
Why is it significant that Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne as “emperor of Rome?”
Christian spiritual leader crowning German king emperor of Rome
Describe what a medieval student might do to continue their education after studying the liberal arts.
study medicine, law, or theology (most elite); taught liberal arts classes; could take 10+ years.
What evidence does Augustine give that babies are sinful and why does he say that babies are often thought of as innocent?
Jealousy of foster brother; babies have not the strength or will to carry out their sinful desires
Why is it important that the Nicene Creed makes it clear that Jesus is God?
Bc Arian Heresy at the time claimed Jesus was similar to God, but not God; Nicene Creed written in response to that controversy
Why does Bede spend so much time describing how the church tried to get all believers to celebrate Easter on the same date?
Unity is important; people will lose their faith is Christians are not united
How did the Viking raids change the political structure in the Early Middle Ages?
Caused people to turn to local lords for protection vs a distant king
Put the following in order:
-Growth of guilds -Age of Gothic cathedrals -Emergence of new towns -Fairs in Champagne -Rise of universities -Work of Thomas Aquinas
Emergence of new towns (950) Fairs in Champagne (1100) Age of Gothic cathedrals (1140) Growth of guilds (1150) Rise of universities (1150) Work of Thomas Aquinas (1250)