What are the three basic units of an atom and what are their charges?
What are
Protons- positive
Electrons- negative
Neutrons- neutral
100
What type of sugar contains 1 unit?
What type of sugar contains 2 units?
What type of sugar contains more than 2 units?
Monosaccharide
Disaccharide
Polysaccharide
100
The primary function of an enzyme is
What is to speed up/facilitate a chemical reaction?
100
This organelle, composed of the matrix and inter-membrane space, serves as the power source of the cell and uses this energy for all cellular functions
What is mitochondria
100
DNA is composed of __________, which have three parts, a _____, ______, and ________
What is
a) nucleotide
b) sugar, base, phosphate
200
A charged atom
What is an ion
200
What are the primary atoms in carbohydrates?
Carbon, oxygen and hydrogen
200
Enzymes bind to the ______ ______ of the _______
What is the active site of the substrate ?
200
This area of the nucleus is where ribosomal subunits are assembled
What is nucleolus
200
The four nitrogenous bases are
Which are purines?
Which are pyrimidines?
Acids have a concentration of the ion ____, while bases have a high concentration of the ion _____
What is
H+ (acids)
OH- (bases)
300
Cholesterol, estrogen, testosterone
What is an example of a sterol?
300
The name of the model theory that says the enzyme binds to the substrate in a perfect fit
What is the lock and key model?
300
This organelle acts as the cell's "garbage disposals", digesting and recycling cellular waste products
What are lysosomes
300
Nitrogenous bases are held together through this type of bond
What is hydrogen bond?
400
The number of electrons in F (-1)
What is 8?
400
What are the two structural (chemical) components of triglyercides (fats)?
Head- glyercol head
Tail- Fatty acid tail
400
The amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction is _________ _______ and how to enzymes effect it
What is
a)activation energy
b) lower it
400
This storage sac prokaryotic organelle has many functions like storing nutrients, degrading waste.
This prokaryotic organelle is the plant cell's power source and the site of photosynthesis
What is
a) vacuole
b) chloroplasts
400
What are the three steps of DNA replication?
Separation
Elongation
Termination
500
C-12 and C-14 are examples of _______, because they have the same number of protons and a different number of neutrons
What are isotopes?
500
What are the two most common nucleic acids?
DNA and RNA
500
The ending suffix of every enzyme is
What is -ase
500
These organelles compose the endomembrane system
What is Golgi apparatus, smooth and rough ER, and plasma membrane