Skill Acquisition/Prompting
Skill acquisition programs target skills to increase or decrease?
Increase
What are the three components in a discrete trial?
Discriminative stimulus, behavior, consequence
Incorporating preference before instruction, during instruction and after instruction
What is Preference Based Teaching?
What are the two types of reinforcement?
Positive and negative
Breaks down complex skills into smaller units
What is a task analysis?
Addressing behaviours should be important to the individual and their life.
What is socially significant behaviours?
Describe the role of prompts in the development of stimulus control
Prompts are used to produce the correct response from the individual. Through repeated presentation of the antecedent, prompts are faded across sessions and a consequence is provided
The process by which an adult establishes him/herself as a conditioned reinforcer
What is pairing?
Immediacy
Contingency
Magnitude
Individual differences
Motivating Operation
What are factors effective reinforcement?
A specific series of behaviours that lead to reinforcement is called ______
What is a behavior chain?
True or False. Is it necessary to have a formal written program in place for a skill acquisition program.
True!
What are the two type of prompts?
Response and stimulus prompts
True or False: When you are new to a client, you do not need to pair.
When first teaching a skill, it is suggested to use a ______ schedule and then fade to a _________.
CRF, intermittent/variable schedule
A type of chaining methods teaching independence from the end of the chain to the front (beginning).
What is backwards chaining?
What is most to least prompting?
An added antecedent stimulus used to help the learner so that he/she responds correctly in the presence of an SD.
What is a prompt?
1. Placing demands on the child
2. Stopping the child from engaging in a preferred activity to engage in a learning (less preferred) activity,
3. Don’t relinquishing preferred items, reinforcing inappropriate behaviours
4. Being associated with negative events
What are things to avoid during pairing?
A schedule of reinforcement produces high, steady rate of responding?
What is a variable ratio (VR) schedule?
A type of chaining method teaching independence from the front of the chain until the entire chain is emitted independently.
What is forward chaining?
Gestural, partial physical, full physical
What is least to most prompting?
A stimulus that signals the availability of reinforcement for a particular behaviour based on its learning history.
What is a discriminative stimulus (Sd)?
1. Identify reinforcers
2. Free reinforcement not free access. Select items better with you than without you
3. Narrate vs instruct
4. try to interact without having to disrupt reinforcement
5. do not present demands
What are "tips for pairing"?
When Alexandra was at work, her vocational coach praised her for completing an average of 20 tasks.
What is a VR20 schedule?
A type of intervention to teach a chain uses pictures to prompt the learner to engage in that behavior in the proper sequence.
What is a picture prompt?