Puberty
What is the biological period that involves changes in physical appearance as well as brain structure and function?
Puberty
Genetic code, more fat cells, and high levels of light exposure all lead to this result:
Early onset of puberty
This fatty substance is also known as white matter, and is responsible for supporting, protecting, and insulating neurons
Myelin
attention, memory, processing speed, and organization are primary elements of this theory of cognitive advancement:
The information processing perspective
Lucas is sleeping in later each morning, which, in part, is due to the higher levels of _____ which contributes to adolescents' sleeping more.
Melatonin
This body system is responsible for producing, circulating, and regulating hormone levels.
The endocrine system
The secular trend, or pattern of puberty generally starting earlier over time, is the result of three factors consistently improving:
health, nutrition, sanitation
The adolescent brain typically reaches its adult size by age:
10
Appreciation for sarcasm is the result of this cognitive advancement in adolescence:
Multidimensional thinking
Josh often remembers his 5th birthday during which time his parents took him to Disney World. When remembering this he is using:
Autobiographical memory
Apart from physically maturing, the most important development of completing puberty is:
Becoming capable of sexual reproduction
This brain chemical, which is stimulated by leptin and suppressed by melatonin, influences the timing of puberty:
Kisspeptin
This neurotransmitter is important for the experience of good moods.
This phase of Piaget's theory of cognitive development emerges most often in adolescence or early adulthood.
Formal operations
Lauren plays the saxophone in her high school marching band. She has been struggling leaning a new song, feels like the entire band knows she does not know her part as well as she should, and feels like all eyes are glaring and judging her every move. This best describes the _____________ phenomenon
Imaginary audience
Once puberty is complete, males usual have a muscle to fat ratio of _____, and girls typically have a muscle to fat ratio of _____.
3:1, 5:4
Early onset puberty for girls begins as early as:
5 years old
This part of the neuron contains receptors that recieve specific neurotransmitters:
Dendrites
The ability to understand that others have knowledge and beliefs that are different from one's own is called:
Theory of mind
Ben has become extremely critical toward his parent’s religion, questioning how it is that people can say they are Christians but then look down on homeless people. This cognitive advancement, which emerges during adolescence, is an example of:
Abstract thinking
This event occurs around 6-8 years old, during which the adrenal glands mature, contributing to body odor and signalling the start of sexual maturity:
Adrenarche
The effects of early maturation on girls are not primarily attributed to hormones, but instead more dependent on these two factors:
impacts on self-image and relationships
Changes in this system may explain why adolescents are so concerned with what their peers think.
limbic system
Adolescents are more likely than children to see issues in shades of gray instead of black and white. In terms of cognitive development, we call this:
Just as Dani walked by a group of her friends gathered in front of Emily’s locker, they all busted out laughing. Dani immediately felt like they must be laughing at her, then she became aware of her thinking and reminded herself that it could have nothing to do with her at all. Maybe they were just talking about something funny and it was just a coincidence that they laughed just as she passed by. The way Dani checks in on her thought process can best be described as:
Metacognition