Blood Basics
Low White Count
What is Leukopenia
Most common form of anemia
What is Iron Deficient Anemia
Normal platelet count
What is 150-400
Surface markers recognized by the body's immune system that allow it to identify a substance.
What is an Antigen
A fever is any temperature higher than this
What is 100.4
Underlying, common cause of shock
Number of organ systems that must be affected for MODS diagnosis.
What is 2
Universal Recipient
What is AB +
A patient with a normal hematocrit may still be anemic if this is defective/deficient
What is hemoglobin
Most common labs on a coagulation panel
What are INR, PT, & aPTT
Form of immune response that does not require previous antigen exposure and is present from birth
What is the Innate Immune Response
Example of a prion infection
What is Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease
Form of shock caused by fluid shift/third spacing
What is Relative Hypovolemic
Action that should be taken prior to starting broad spectrum antibiotics on a patient with Sepsis
What is draw blood cultures x 2.
Form of extra iron stored in the bone marrow, spleen, and liver
What is Ferritin
Type of anemia caused by lack of intrinsic factor
What is Pernicious Anemia
Reversal agent for heparin
What is Protamine Sulfate
Most common form of immunoglobulin.
What is IgG
Precautions required when caring for patients who are HIV +
What are standard precautions
First line vasopressor that raises MAP by systemic vasoconstriction
What is Norepinephrine
Primary vasodilator that may be used in the treatment of cardiogenic shock
What is Nitroglycerin
If a patient's hematocrit is 24%, this is would be their approximate hemoglobin
What is 8
Anemia medication that requires a test dose to be administered prior to fully prescribed dose to check for hypersensitivity.
What is Iron Dextran
Inherited disease that causes a deficiency in clotting factor VIII
What is hemophilia A
Cells most responsible for the cellular immune response.
What are T cells
Medication therapy that reduces chance of contracting HIV in high risk populations.
What is PrEP
What is MAP < 65
Primary issues when dealing with a patient in DIC
What are Clotting & Hemorrhage
The 3 types of granulocytes
What are neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils
Lab value where epoietin alfa treatment should stop for patient's who are on dialysis.
What is Hgb: 11
Medication that may be administered in preparation of a minor procedure or after minor injury to increase clotting ability in patients with Von Willebrand Disease
What is Desmopressin
Secondary medication that may be administered to help relieve bronchoconstriction during anaphylaxis
What is Albuterol
Cell count that indicates a transition from HIV to AIDS
What is CD4 < 200
What is poikilothermia
Most often the first organ systems to show signs of failure in severe Shock/Sepsis patients
What are lungs and kidneys
Usual site for bone marrow aspiration
What is the Iliac Crest
Root trigger for most sickling crises
What is Hypoxemia
Therapy for patients requiring anticoagulation after suffering from an HIT reaction.
What is warfarin
Chemical messenger that allows coordination between white blood cells
Interleukins
Length of time that HIV testing should be delayed after exposure to avoid a false negative
What is 3 Weeks
A patient's MAP has become unstable despite extensive treatment, meaning they have likely entered this stage.
What is Refractory Stage
Lines that should be started on patients who are suspected of going into shock
What are IVs, Foley Catheter, & NG Tube