Physiology
An individual's genetic information is known as their what?
Genotype
The right hemisphere is involved with verbal communication and visual/spatial information, true or false?
True
What is short-term memory in infants and toddlers?
the number of items that can be briefly held in the mind while also monitoring or manipulating them.
Piaget believed children learned by manipulating and exploring their worlds, true or false?
True
Gross motor skills? Examples?
Actions that help move children around their environment
Crawling, walking, standing
A gamete contains how many chromosomes?
23 chromosomes
Throughout our entire life
Pavlov's Dogs displayed what type of conditioning?
Classical conditioning
Toddlers use their ____ to manipulate their mental pictures of people, spaces, and objects.
Private Voice
Self- Regulation vs Self-concept vs self esteem
Self-Regulation:
a child adjusts their own state of emotional intensity and requires effortful control.
Self-Concept:
attributes, abilities, attitudes, and values that an individual believes defines who he or she is
Self-esteem:
is defined as self-judgments and associated feelings
Where are X-linked genetic abnormalities found?
X Chromosome
What is lateralization?
Specialization of the two brain hemispheres
What type of memory controls attention, impulses, and directs thoughts and behaviors?
Working memory
What is formal operation?
the activity where new schemas are created, or current schemas are changed, due to our current ways of thinking not corresponding with the environment.
Conditioned Stimulus
a stimulus that can eventually trigger a conditioned response.
Green eyes, blonde hair, and 6'10 are all examples of what?
Phenotypes
Brain plasticity is especially important for which cognitive function?
Highly plastic brains have a high capacity for learning.
A baby claps after watching her mother clap
What are the four achievements of the concrete operational stage reached in middle childhood?
Classification, conservation, seriation, spatial reasoning
Schema
a process that occurs WITHOUT any contact with the environment
Neurons send signals to each other known as 1. ______ These signals must travel through the gaps between neurons called 2______. Neurons are 3. ______ or covered in a fatty sheath to increase the speed they send messages.
1. Neurotransmitters
2. Synapse
3. Myelinated
In newborns, non-speech sounds will activate which hemisphere of the brain?
right hemisphere
Are newborns better, worse, or the same as adults at remembering visual events?
In what stage does intentional permanence take place? What is it?
1. Sensorimotor
2. The idea that an object continues to exist even when it is out of sight of the infant.
Egocentrism
is defined as the failure to distinguish the symbolic viewpoints of others from one's own and occurs - when children tend to focus only on their own viewpoints