Chapter 9 and 10
If cytosine and guanine pair together and thymine’s percentage is 40%, what is cytosine’s and guanine’s % ?
20%
Where do the two chromosomes of a homologous pair originate?
One comes from the mother, and one comes from the father
What are the basse pairs of RNA
Adenine, Uracil, Guanine, and Cytosine
Evolution is...
Change over time in the characteristics within a population
What process causes stem cells to become body cells?
Differentiation
Mitosis is used for what cell processes
Growth, development, renewal, and regeneration
1. ATGCATGACT
2. ATGCATGCT
What mutation has occured?
Deletion
What are the fours steps in Transcription
Initiation, Elongation, Termination, and after Termination
Homologous structures have
The same origin, but different functions
What are the key structures of DNA
1. Nucleotides
2. Sugar-Phosphate Backbones
3. Double Helix
4. Anti-Parallel
What is a Centromere?
Region of a chromosome that links a pair of sister chromatids together and serves as the attachment point for cell division.
What is the phenotypic ratio for a heterozygous two trait punnett square
9:3:3:3:1
Domestication of plants and Brewing/ Winemaking is an example of
Traditional biotechnology
Genetic drift is...
A mechanism of evolution in which the relative frequency of gene variants (alleles) in a population changes over time due to random chance rather than natural selection
Who believed in Mechanisms of species change?
Lamarck
Where does mitosis take place?
body cells (blood cells, nerve cells, bone cells, and muscle cells)
A pattern of inheritance where neither allele is completely dominant over the other
Incomplete dominance
What gets rid of a bacterial infection
Bacteriophages
Characteristics of Hardy- Weinburgs Equilibrium
No gene flow
No mutation
Large population
No natural selection
What are the parts or sequences of a Eukaryotic cell cycle
Interphase: G1, synthesis, G2
Miotic cell division: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase and cytokinesis
What is Jacob syndrome?
A genetic condition where a male has an extra y chromosome instead of a typical XY pairing
-XYY
Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive disorder. A woman who has hemophilia and a man who does not bear children. What is the chance that each female child will have hemophilia?
0%
What are the three stop codons?
1. UAA
2. UAG
3. UGA
What is the order of evolution thinkers
Buffon, Hutton, Lamarck, Cuvier, Smith, Lyell, Darwin, and Wallace
What are the three Selection effects on a population
1. Directional selection
2. Stabalizing selection
3. Disruptive selection