Low Mass Stars
What color are low mass stars usually?
Red
What color are high mass stars usually?
Blue
Where do stars form?
Nebula
What is the measuring tool used to measure the light from an object?
Spectroscope
How do we know the temperature of a star?
By the color- red = colder, blue = hotter
A red star can be a main sequence star, giant, or supergiant. In what order does it go (there are 4 stages)?
Main Sequence -> Giant -> Main Sequence -> Supergiant
What element is in the core of all blue stars?
Iron
What are the two main element in all stars?
Hydrogen and Helium
What is the purpose of spectroscopy?
To tell us the elements inside of a star.
What is the diagram called where we graph stars based on their temperature and luminosity?
The H-R diagram
What element is in the center of a red supergiant just before it explodes?
Iron
Explain how/why supernovas occur.
It takes too much energy to fuse iron, so instead the star rips it apart, which causes an explosion.
What are the steps of the star formation process?
Nebula, supernova agitates molecules, molecules form dense regions, stars form from the dense regions.
What are the two types of spectrums?
100 pt Bonus: Actually there are 3, what is the last one?
Emission and Absorption
Continuous
List the types of stars in order. (the letters)
OBAFGKM
What are the two ways a red giant can die?
White dwarves and supernova
What are the ways a blue star can die? Match each one to the amount of mass it must have to die that way.
Supernova, Neutron star, Black hole
supernova- small stars
neutron stars- medium
black holes- big
Describe the difference between fusion and fission. Which causes supernovas and why?
Fusion = putting together
Fission = tearing apart.
Fission because when you tear atoms apart, they explode.
What are the two ways light can be manipulated? Draw an example of each
Reflection and Refraction
Main Sequence, Red Giant, Red Supergiant, White Dwarves
What is a planetary nebula and how do they occur?
When a white dwarf pushes away all the extra material from the red supergiant
What is the different between a pulsar and a neutron star? Why can we detect them?
Neutron stars rotate and emit energy, a pulsar is a neutron star that is rotating in our direction, so we can see the energy coming from it(kind of like a lighthouse)
Describe how the event of a supernova helps star formation. Be detailed.
The energy from the supernova goes through the nebula, which make the molecules move around. Some run into each other and make clumps, which then collide to make bigger clumps. Eventually, they get big enough that their gravity pulls in material and the star begins to form.
What causes an emission spectrum? What causes and absorption spectrum?
Emission spectrum- from a hot gas
Absorption- hot energy goes through a cold gas
What are the two parameters we use to chart stars in the sky? Which corresponds to latitude and which to longitude?
RA- longitude, right ascension
DEC- latitude, declination