Federalism
This system divides power between national and state governments.
What is federalism?
Powers specifically listed in the Constitution for the federal government are called this.
What are expressed/enumerated powers?
The 15th Amendment granted voting rights primarily to this group.
Who are African American men?
This LAW removed discriminatory voting practices like literacy tests in the South.
What is the Voting Rights Act of 1965?
The manipulation of voting district boundaries for political advantage is called this.
What is gerrymandering?
This clause requires states to honor laws, records, and court decisions from other states.
What is the Full Faith and Credit Clause?
Powers shared by both state and federal governments, such as taxing citizens, are called this.
What are concurrent powers?
This amendment gave women the right to vote in 1920.
What is the 19th Amendment?
Even after the 15th Amendment, Southern states used these laws to suppress Black voters.
What are Black Codes?
Gerrymandering often benefits this group of people.
Who are politicians from the dominant party?
The 10th Amendment reserves powers for these two groups.
Who are the states and the people?
States control public education and local law enforcement under this type of power.
What are reserved powers?
The 24th Amendment banned this barrier to voting in federal elections.
What is the poll tax?
Literacy tests were primarily used to prevent these two groups from voting.
Who are African Americans and poor white voters?
This term describes the process of redrawing electoral district boundaries after a census
What is redistricting?
This clause ensures that states cannot discriminate against citizens from other states.
What is the Privileges and Immunities Clause?
The federal government has the exclusive power to do this in times of war.
What is declare war?
The Equal Protection Clause is part of this important amendment.
What is the 14th Amendment?
Before the 24th Amendment, some states required people to pay this before voting.
What is a poll tax?
This is the body typically responsible for redrawing electoral districts in most states.
What is the state legislature?
The national government is responsible for regulating trade between states and foreign nations. This is known as:
What is the Commerce Clause?
This clause allows Congress to override state laws when they conflict with federal laws.
What is the supremacy clause/federal supremacy
This amendment ensures that all people born or naturalized in the U.S. are citizens and guarantees equal protection under the law.
What is the 14th Amendment?
This clause allowed states to impose voting restrictions if they were not explicitly based on race.
What is the "grandfather clause"?
This term describes a district where the majority of voters belong to a single racial or ethnic group.
What is a majority-minority district?