NG tubes
What are 3 ways to check for proper placement of an NG tube?
documenting measurement # on the tube, checking ph of aspirate contents, and assessment of GI contents
When can someone eat and drink again after an EGD?
After their gag reflex returns
What pathophysiology problem is the cause of GERD?
incompetent lower esophageal spincter
What can be done to prevent dumping syndrome with tube feed?
run the tube feed on a pump, run it slowly, make sure patient is in semi fowlers position after the feeding for at least 1 hour, dilute tube feed with high osmolality
What can ichterus, pruritis, clay colored stools, and dark urine indicate?
A liver problem
How do you measure how far down to go with the NG tube?
From the tip of the nose to the tip of the ear to the xyphoid process
What will the patient's stool look like after a upper GI and a barium enema?
White and chalky
What would be early signs of oral cancer?
painless raised sore that may appear as a red or white patch, may bleed easily, has raised edges
What are signs and symptoms of peritonitis?
rigid boardlike abdomen
fever, pain, nausea and vomiting
What is the correct order of an abdominal assessment?
inspect, auscultate, percuss, palpate
What type of NG tube can be used to help stop bleeding esophageal varices?
Sengstaken-Blakemore tube
What type of endoscopy can you do a biopsy with?
EGD, colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy
What happens when you eat when you have an esophageal diverticulum?
regurgitation of food
What can contribute to aspiration in someone with tube feed?
tube misplacement
What would a lower GI bleed look like?
bright red blood in the stool
What type of tube needs vented to the environment and has a double lumen?
Salem sump tube
What position should you put the patient in after a liver biopsy?
laying on right side
What is barrett's esophagus?
Changes in the lining of the esophagus that are precancerous. This is caused from constant GERD over time.
What sign may show an esophageal leak after an esophagectomy?
If drainage at the neck incision is saliva.
Pulsations in the abdomen that may also make a whooshing sound if listened to with the stethoscope may indicate what?
stenosis or narrowing of renal arteries
Name 5 reasons that someone may need an NG tube.
To decompress the stomach. To test GI contents. To diagnose GI disorders. To compress a bleeding site. To lavage stomach of toxins. To administer tube feeds and medications.
What must be given sometimes after a paracentesis due to low BP?
albumin
What are some lifestyle changes that may help in one with hiatal hernia?
maintain healthy weight, exercise regularly, stay away from fatty foods, stay away from alcohol, eat smaller amounts more often
What are signs that someone may be having a GI bleed if it is not evident with your eyes?
tachycardia, hypotension, tachypnea
What can happen if oral health is not maintained?
Infection that can go into the blood stream and go to the heart causing endocarditis