This minerals is the first to crystallize from a mafic melt
What is olivine?
100
This kind of volcano erupts explosively
What is a composite volcano
100
A shallow water environment responsible for the formation of limestone
What is a reef?
100
Poughkeepsie's hometown rock that formed by being scraped up in a collision zone
What is the Poughkeepsie melange (breccia)?
100
This plate tectonic environment gives rise to the Hawaiian volcano chain
What is a hot spot
200
This igneous rock typically contains vesicles
What is basalt?
200
The timing of the eruption of these some of these lavas coincides with major extinction events
What are flood basalts?
200
The deep water zone where shale accumulates
What is the abyssal plain?
200
The couplets of sandstone and shale of the Austin Glen formation formed as a result of this process
What is a turbidity current (tumbling sediment down a continental shelf and slope)?
200
Yellowstone is a particularly good example of this volcanic feature
What is a cauldera?
300
This property determines whether a magma flows fluidly or is sticky
What is viscosity?
300
This feature forms when a magma chamber feeding a volcano collapses
What is a caldera?
300
This sedimentary structure tells the observer that the area experiences periods of drying out after being wet
What are mudcracks?
300
The Snyder Estate cave is made up of these rocks
What are limestone and dolostone?
300
The coarse-grained Sierra Nevada batholith is made of this kind of rock
What is granite?
400
This substance, generated by subducting lithosphere at an ocean-continent collision zone, causes a rock to melt at lower temperatures than if the rock were not exposed to that substance.
What is water?
400
This type of eruption threatens the town of Tacoma, Washington
What are lahars (mudflows)?
400
When sea level rises, it causes deep water sediments to be deposited on top of shallow water sediments
What is a transgression?
400
This is a typical feature of of the Poughquag gneiss
What is banding?
400
These two volcanoes are part of the Cascade Mountain volcanic chains (there are numerous answers to this question!)
What are Mt. Rainer and Mt. St. Helens?
500
The process by which a mafic magma changes into a felsic magma.
What is partial melting?
500
These kinds of eruptions eject massive amounts of ash that can disrupt air travel (among other hazards!)
What is a pyroclastic eruption
500
This sedimentary material is used to produce cement
What is limestone?
500
This is the red mineral in the schists of eastern Dutchess County
What is garnet?
500
This event occurred when an island arc collided with Proto-North America in the middle Paleozoic Era