A stage of sleep characterized by rapid eye movements and a high level of brain activity
What is REM sleep
100
Gradual acquisition of skills as a result of practice, or “knowing how” to do things ex. riding a bike
What is Procedural memory
100
Failure to retrieve information that is available in memory even though you are trying to produce it
What is Tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon
100
Gradual elimination of a learned response that occurs when the US is no longer presented
What is Extinction
100
Experiment using an infant which showed that even basic emotions, such as fear, are conditioned.
What is Little Albert
200
Neurological disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, which includes lapses into sleep and napping
What is Narcolepsy
200
Visual memory impressions that are photograph-like in their accuracy but dissolve in less than a second
What is Iconic Memory
200
When memories are changed in response to new or misleading information
What is Misinformation Effect
200
A learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired; a response that is at first elicited by the unconditioned stimulus is eventually elicited by the conditioned stimulus alone.
What is Classical Conditioning
200
Type of learning in which the consequences of an organism’s behavior determine whether the behavior will be repeated in the future
What is Operant conditioning
300
The body's natural 24 hour cycle that regulates the body's hormones, sleep/wake cycles, etc.
What is Circadian rhythm
300
Process of memory function; bringing to mind information that has been previously encoded and stored
What is Retrieval:
300
Critical as an “index” or "gateway" for long-term memory storage.
What is hippocampus
300
A general process in which repeated or prolonged exposure to a stimulus results in a gradual reduction in responding
What is Habituation
300
Any stimulus or event that functions to increase the likelihood of the behavior that led to it
What is Reinforcer
400
Highly addictive drugs derived from the poppy plant that relieve pain
What is Narcotics (opiates)
400
Combining small pieces of information into larger clusters/chunks that are more easily held in STM
What is Chunking
400
Inability to retrieve information that was acquired before a particular date, usually the date of an injury or operation
What is Retrograde amnesia
400
Learning that results from the reinforcement of successive steps to a final desired behavior
What is Shaping
400
Process by which the CR is observed even though the CS is slightly different from the original one used during acquisition
What is Generalization
500
Reduction of pain through hypnosis in people who are susceptible to hypnosis
What is Hypnotic analgesia
500
Situations in which information learned later impairs memory for information acquired earlier
What is Retroactive interference
500
Process by which memories become stable in the brain. Usually occurs during sleep.
What is Consolidation
500
Condition in which something is learned but it is not manifested as a behavioral change until sometime in the future
What is Latent learning
500
Process in which individuals initially learn a behavior by observing another individual perform that behavior, and then serve as a model from which other individuals learn the behavior