Channels v Transporters
This type of protein discriminates between solutes mainly on the basis of size and electric charge
What is a channel?
This structure is made up of fibrous proteins and give the cell its shape and mechanical properties
The cell cortex
This membrane pump functions to keep a high concentration of sodium outside the cell
Sodium-potassium pump
The part of the neuron containing the nucleus
Cell body
This is the ingestion of large particles via phagosomes
Phagocytosis
The type of protein that binds its solute with great specificity
What is a transporter?
This phospholipid is found on the inside of the membrane and flips to the outside during apoptosis
Phosphatidylserine
This is a coupled transporter that moves solutes in the same direction across a membrane
Symport
Inhibitory neurotransmitters cause an influx of this ion into the postsynaptic cell
Cl-
This is the ingestion of fluid and molecules via small vesicles
Pinocytosis
This type of channel plays the major role in moving electrical signals through nerve cells
What is a voltage-gated ion channel?
This phospholipid is found on the inside of the membrane and is involved in membrane fusion
Phosphatidylethanolamine
These are structures that move other proteins from the cytosol into the mitochondria
Protein translocators
When an action potential reaches a nerve terminal, this ion's voltage-gated channels are opened so vesicles can fuse with the membrane
Ca2+
This process involves the use of receptors to internalize particular macromolecules
Receptor-mediated endocysosis
This type of channel is important for detection of sound vibrations by auditory hair cells in your ear
Stress-gated ion channel
This process involves regulated membrane fusion to allow proteins to leave the cell.
Regulated secretion
These are the conserved amino acid sequence that acts as a molecular "address"
Signal/localization sequences
This pump restores the ion gradients across the plasma membrane of an axon after an action potential has passed
Sodium-potassium pump
This organelle is the sorting station for the endocytic pathway
Endosome
This ion channel is responsible for the fusion of vesicles filled with neurotransmitters in your presynaptic cell.
Voltage-gated Ca2+ channel
The process that must occur for insoluble cholesterol to pass through the membrane
Receptor-mediated endocytosis
This is the side of the Golgi body that faces the outer membrane of the cell
Trans
This surrounds the neuron to insulate action potentials and make them go faster
Myelin sheath
This process is the controlled destruction of intracellular components
Autophagy