Do you remember...
...the name of an organism's ability to store, retain, and recall information and experiences.
What is memory?
The memory model that was founded in 1968 and has largely been disproven by research.
What is the Atkinson-Shiffrin model?
If a researcher manipulates a variable, then waits to see how another variable is affected, the study can be described as ____________.
What is prospective?
Name that research method: Researchers study how people navigate the grocery store by observing shoppers on a Saturday.
What is naturalistic observation?
Dutch scientists studied 1,500 children who were surveyed for signs of anxiety or depression and questioned them about ecstasy use. They found that those exhibiting signs of anxiety or depression were more likely to report using ecstasy. The media concludes that anxiety and depression lead to ecstasy use.
Correlation/retrospective
...the three main stages in the formation and retrieval of memory?
encoding/registration, storage, retrieval/recollection/recall
__________ requires conscious recall.
What is declarative or explicit memory?
If a researcher collects data on phenomena that have already occurred, the student can be described as __________.
What is retrospective?
Name that research method: Participants are asked about the contents of the dreams.
What is a survey?
Researchers collected screen time usage data from over 800 14 and 15 year-olds. They also examined school test scores for those students. They found that an extra hour in front of the TV or online at age 14-and-a-half was linked with 9.3 fewer exam points at age 16 -- equivalent to two grades, for example from a B to a D. Two extra hours was linked to 18 fewer points.
The media concludes that screen time causes lower test scores.
Correlation
..the name of the brief storage of an image which has been perceived for a small duration.
What is iconic memory?
According to the working memory model, the ___________ channels information to the three component processes: the phonological loop, the visuo-spatial sketchpad, and the episodic buffer
What is the central executive?
The research method that minimizes the possibility that a subject's behavior is contrived or altered by the fact that they know they are being studied.
What is naturalistic observation?
Name that research method: Members of a family with Fatal Familial Insomnia, a rare genetic disorder, are studied in depth.
What is a case study?
Scientists are testing the effectiveness of different weight loss strategies. Participants are divided into four groups. For two months, each group is assigned a different weight loss strategy: Group 1 does cardio for 1 hour per day, Group 2 participates in strength training exercise of 1 hour per day, Group 3 drinks 8 glasses of water per day, and Group 4 is given a vegetarian diet. At the end of this 8-week experiment, the media concludes that the best weight loss comes from strength-training exercise.
Experiment
.....the type of memory that has transient patterns of neuronal communication?
What is short term memory?
The serial position effect explains ___________.
What is how we remember things that are at the beginning and end of a task more effectively?
This research method is best for collecting large amounts of data, but tends to be superficial and reliant on people being honest and self-aware.
What is a survey?
Name that research method: Researchers want to know how music affects memory, so they randomly assign subjects to different music conditions while while they take a memory test.
What is an experiment?
Researchers _____________ to control for natural variations between subjects in their control and experimental groups.
What is randomly assign participants to groups?
...the part of the brain that passes information from short-term memory to long-term memory and vice versa?
What is the hippocampus?
List three effective strategies to move information from short-term to long-term memory
rehearsal, repetition, chunking, interacting with the information in different ways, seeking more information to solidify understanding, etc...
This research method allows researchers to gather thorough information on a topic and relies on a single case, however, makes it run the risk of not being representative of the population at large.
What is a case study?
If there is a positive correlation between test grades and the number of books read, what could the tag line be for an article?
a) Reading causes one to do better on tests.
b) Doing well on tests causes one to read more.
c) The number of books read predicts test grades.
In 2014, Primack and his colleagues sampled 1,787 young adults, ages 19 through 32, using an established depression assessment tool and questionnaires to determine social media use. The questionnaires asked about the 11 most popular social media platforms at the time: Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, Google Plus, Instagram, Snapchat, Reddit, Tumblr, Pinterest, Vine and LinkedIn.
Participants who used seven to 11 platforms had 3.1 times the odds of reporting higher levels of depressive symptoms than their counterparts who used zero to two platforms. Those who used the most platforms had 3.3 times the odds of high levels of anxiety symptoms than their peers who used the least number of platforms. The researchers controlled for other factors that may contribute to depression and anxiety, including race, gender, relationship status, household income, education and total time spent on social media. The media concludes that using social media causes depression.
Correlational