Electrical & Mechanical Heart
What part of the heart is known as the pacemaker?
What is the sinoatrial (SA) node?
These vessels carry blood away from the heart.
What are arteries?
This is the pressure in the arteries when the ventricles contract.
What is systolic pressure?
What type of epithelium lines the alveoli to allow for rapid gas exchange?
What is simple squamous epithelium?
This is your body’s first line of defense, made up of skin and mucous membranes.
What are barrier defenses?
This wave on an ECG represents atrial depolarization.
What is the P wave?
What are the three layers (tunics) found in arteries and veins?
What are the tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica externa?
This is the average pressure that propels blood to the tissues and is calculated using the formula: diastolic pressure + 1/3 pulse pressure.
What is mean arterial pressure (MAP)?
According to Boyle’s Law, what happens to air pressure inside the lungs when lung volume increases?
The pressure decreases?
These two types of white blood cells are phagocytic and help eliminate pathogens during the inflammatory response.
What are neutrophils and macrophages?
This condition is characterized by rapid, irregular heart contractions, making the heart useless for pumping blood.
What is fibrillation?
These microscopic vessels have walls made of only endothelium and are the site of gas and nutrient exchange.
What are capillaries?
This term refers to the resistance the blood encounters as it flows through the vessels and is mainly affected by blood viscosity, vessel length, and diameter.
What is peripheral resistance?
Inflammtaion of the pleural membranes
What is Pluerisy
This type of cell patrols for unhealthy cells and destroys them by releasing perforin and granzymes.
What are natural killer (NK) cells?
Name the three main factors that affect stroke volume.
What are preload, contractility, and afterload?
This layer of blood vessels contains smooth muscle and is responsible for vasoconstriction and vasodilation.
What is the tunica media?
This type of blood vessel has the steepest drop in blood pressure and is considered the major resistance vessel.
What are arterioles?
Name the two linings of the lungs
What are Parietal Pleura and Visceral Pleura
This immediate, local, nonspecific response helps eliminate pathogens and starts tissue repair.
What is inflammation?
Name the three phases of the cardiac cycle in order, starting with ventricular filling.
What are ventricular filling, isovolumetric contraction, and isovolumetric relaxation?
Which type of capillary is full of pores and resembles a spaghetti strainer?
What are fenestrated capillaries?
What are the three main sources of resistance that affect blood flow in the vessels?
What are blood vessel diameter, blood viscosity, and total blood vessel length?
Also known as breathing?
What is Pulmonary Ventilation.
What are the four cardinal signs of inflammation?
What are redness, heat, swelling, and pain?