Intro to Bonding
Covalent compounds can be classified as being either polar or _______, which represent an equal share of electrons
What is non polar
This rule states that all atoms (except hydrogen) require 8 valence electrons
This type of bond can only be found in double and triple bonds.
What are pi bonds
These types of forces do NOT form actual bonds between atoms, but use forces to hold molecules together.
What are intermolecular forces?
When finding out how many orbitals to hybridize, you add up the total number of these two things
What is lone pairs and sigma bonds
These types of molecules do not exist by themselves in nature, they always come in pairs
What is a diatomic molecule
The first bond between two atoms is also known as this type of bond
What is the sigma bond
What is trigonal planar
This IMF, is the predominant IMF in all non polar molecules
What is London Dispersion Forces (LDFs)
This molecule is acetaminophen, which is found in Tylenol, the hybridization of the nitrogen is this
What is sp3
Ionic compounds structure is this, which allows for their pretty shapes and conductive properties
What is crystal lattice?
These are two unbonded electrons that hang around a single atom, they can be used to make atoms happy
What are lone pairs
Some molecules have negative charges, such as the polyatomic ions, to account for this, when finding the total number of valence electrons, we do this math operation with the charge number
What is add
Hydrogen bonds, the strongest of the IMFs, only happens in polar molecules where hydrogen is bonded to any of these three atoms
What are fluorine, oxygen, and nitrogen
This molecule, ethanol, is commonly found in alcohol. What is the hybridization of the oxygen?
What is SP3
In this type of compound, electrons are shared amongst the atoms within the compound
What are covalent compounds
If you have too many electrons in your structure, you can erase this many dots and draw one line between the central atom and one of the substituents (appendage atoms)
What is four
This molecule, PO3 3-, is commonly referred to as phosphite, and has this many total valence electrons
what is 26 ve-
This intermolecular force occurs when there is a permanent unequal share of electrons in the molecule
This molecule, urea, is commonly found in urine. What is the hybridization of the carbon?
What is sp2
What is BrINClHOF
Electron pairs, not to be confused with lone pairs, is the sum of these two things that help us determine the shape of a molecule using the VSEPR hand out
What are lone pairs + single bonds?
This molecule, H2O, has a molecular shape of this, and a bond angle of this.
What is bent and 120 degrees
What is LDFs, Dip-Dip, H-Bonds
This molecule, cyanoacrylate, is commonly found in super glue. What is the hybridization of the nitrogen?
What is sp