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This German monk challenged Catholic Church practices and helped begin the Protestant Reformation.
Martin Luther
This system of government gives a monarch almost unlimited political power.
Absolute monarchy
This English king broke with Rome after a dispute over ending his marriage.
Henry VIII
This explorer sailed west for Spain and reached the Caribbean.
Christopher Columbus
In Hobbes’s theory, people agree to give up certain freedoms in exchange for protection and order; this term names that agreement.
Social Contract Theory
Martin Luther used this list of statements to criticize Church abuses.
95 Theses
This French king was known as the Sun King.
Louis XIV
Henry VIII wanted to end his marriage to this first wife.
Catharine of Argon
Reasons for exploration????
God, Glory, Gold
This thinker argued that political power should be divided among legislative, executive, and judicial branches.
Montesquieu
This invention allowed reformers to produce books and pamphlets quickly and spread their ideas.
Printing press
This belief claimed that a monarch’s authority came directly from God.
divine right
This queen tried to restore Catholicism and persecuted Protestants,
Mary I
Vasco da Gama reached this Asian destination, opening a direct sea route for Portuguese trade.
India
Missionaries sent out by the catholic church to bring in new members
Jesuits
This Catholic council reaffirmed Church teachings and addressed abuses involving indulgences.
Council of Trent
Peter the Great built this city to serve as Russia’s new capital.
St Petersburg
This national church came under royal control when England broke with Rome.
Church of England
This thinker argued that people should accept a powerful ruler to protect them from disorder and violence.
Thomas Hobbes
Why did King Henry want to divorce his first wife?
She couldn't have a boy
This French reformer led a strict Protestant community in Geneva pushing the concept of predestination.
John Calvin
This Spanish king claimed divine right, used the Inquisition, and brought Portugal under his rule.
Phillip II
What was a long term impact of Henry VIII reign?
religious tension
This French thinker defended religious tolerance and freedom of expression.
Voltaire
Why did Montesquieu support the concept of separation of powers?
2. Keeps one person from abusing power.