Alcohol/Nicotine
How many carbons does ethanol have
ethanol
what is photosynthesis
converting solar energy into usable chemical energy.
using solar energy to turn CO2 and water into carbs
what latitude is the equator at
0 degrees
at what stage in development does cell determination occur?
Gastrula
explain what happens to enzymes when it becomes warmer. do different enzymes speed up at the same rate
they become faster
NO
What is Nicotine
potent nerve toxin
chemical defense in plants
natural insecticide
what are decomposers
organisms that take dead matter and turn it into usable nutrients
what directions do latitude and longitude run
latitude=east to west
longitude= north to south
what is fertilization
when the sperm physically fuses with the egg membrane. once this is completed the egg is now a zygote.
how are ectothermic organisms different than endothermic
ectothermic= "cold blooded" body temp is regulated by outside environment
Endothermic= "warm blooded" body temp is regulated by internal processes
define fermentation
process by which microbes break down plant starches
What are the six most productive and least productive ecosystems. (3 each)
Most productive= tropical rainforest, coral reefs, marshes
Least productive= deserts, open ocean, tundra
Where are the tropics located and why are they so much warmer
Between 23.5 N and 23.5 S
get more direct sunlight. NOT closer to the sun
what kind of cells are made from the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm
ectoderm= nerves, skin
mesoderm= muscle, bone
endoderm= gut lining
does drinking alcohol make you warmer? T or F
False
What is Cirrhosis
liver damage due to heavy alcohol consumption
What is biomagnification and why is it harmful to top predators
it is the increased accumulation of toxic substances in organisms as they go up the food chain. By the time it reaches the top predator the levels are lethal or significant enough to cause negative effects.
describe the rain shadow effect
when winds rise and condense going up a mountain side causes heavy precipitation on one side. when it reaches the peak and starts to sink winds warm up and the other side of the mountain is dry/ desert
what are the three main hormones found in humans and which are normally found mainly in males or females
Testosterone- males
Estrogen and Progesterone- females
Define Homeostasis
keeping a precise balance of various aspects of body state which is needed to sustain life
Describe how Nicotine affects the nervous system
it enters the blood and lymph then binds to synapse receptors. Nicotine activates neurons randomly without purpose or pattern. it makes nerves and muscles fire off
what is biomanipulation and give an example
The process of humans stepping in to an environment and changing certain aspects of it.
Ex.) in lakes when algae blooms occur two things can be done. either reduce the availability of their food source to reduce the population. or increase the amount of primary consumers to eat more of the algae
Describe El Nino conditions
When easterly winds off the coast of peru weaken/stop it causes a whole cascade of bad stuff.
First, upwelling slows/stops causing less productivity and warmer ocean temps so it rains more. In general in Peru flooding starts to happen and to the west a drought begins
when is the end of the first trimester and how long is a trimester?
the first trimester ends at 10-12 weeks
a trimester lasts approximately 3 months
List and describe the 3 kinds of cooling
evaporative cooling= turning a liquid into a gas requires a lot of heat energy so when something is evaporated it actually cools down
convective cooling= when cool air blows over it picks up body heat and takes it away
radiative cooling= exposing warm blood in the capillaries to the surroundings to release heat.