Personality
Personality
Psychological disorders
Treatment
Treatment
100
Defense mechanisms are also referred to as a. maladaptive behaviors. b. self-defeating habits. c. coping mechanisms. d. narcissistic behaviors.
c. coping mechanisms.
100
Which type of psychologist would be most interested in Freud's psychosexual stages? a. Developmental psychologist b. Experimental psychologist c. Educational psychologist d. Industrial psychologist
a. Developmental psychologist
100
A medical doctor who believes that the best treatment for depression is medication is following the ____ perspective of abnormality. a. supernatural b. psychological c. biological d. social
c. biological
100
The two broad forms of therapy are a. psychotherapy and psychiatry. b. humanistic therapy and psychoanalysis. c. biomedical therapy and psychotherapy. d. insight therapy and behavior therapy.
c. biomedical therapy and psychotherapy.
100
In humanistic therapy, the therapist’s role is to: a. create a safe environment for self-exploration. b. interpret the client’s resistance and transference behaviors. c. challenge and dispute faulty thinking processes. d. change contingencies of reinforcement to produce adaptive behavior
a. create a safe environment for self-exploration.
200
Two criteria to determine the suitability of personality tests are a. variance and significance. b. reliability and validity. c. congruence and systematic. d. conceptual and practical.
b. reliability and validity.
200
Before reading this question, you probably weren't thinking of the events surrounding your last birthday. If you can now remember your last birthday, Freud would most likely say that its memories existed in your
c. preconscious.
200
Dr. Wangari believes that discrimination and poverty account for the higher rate of alcoholism among Native Americans. Dr. Wangari endorses the ____ perspective. a. sociocultural b. supernatural c. biological d. psychological
a. sociocultural
200
Parnell's therapist appears to be open and honest and at times even reveals to Parnell her own experiences and feelings. Parnell's therapist is conveying a. empathy. b. genuineness. c. conditional positive regard. d. unconditional positive regard.
b. genuineness.
200
A focus on genetics, chemical imbalances, and brain differences between humans characterizes the: a. sociocultural perspective. b. humanistic perspective. c. biological perspective. d. behavioral perspective.
c. biological perspective.
300
Contrary to Freud, Erik Erikson believed that development a. was mostly determined by biological factors. b. occurred over the entire lifespan. c. did not involve the functioning of the ego. d. was not influenced by society or culture.
b. occurred over the entire lifespan.
300
The biological subfield of psychology is most closely associated with which personality theory? a. Trait theory b. Psychoanalytic theory c. Social cognitive theory d. Humanistic theory
a. Trait theory
300
Most people who know John would say that his degree of introversion is somewhat extreme, but it doesn't appear to cause him any distress or interfere with his ability to function. Based on this information, John probably would a. not be classified as abnormal. b. be classified as abnormal. c. benefit from medication, but not therapy. d. benefit from therapy, but not medication.
a. not be classified as abnormal.
300
Serena's therapist spends long periods of time listening and not interrupting while Serena talks about whatever comes into her head. Her therapist is using the technique of a. reflective listening. b. free association. c. systematic desensitization. d. cognitive reshaping.
b. free association.
300
Free association, dream analysis, and transference are therapeutic techniques most likely to be used by a a. client-centered therapist. b. cognitive therapist. c. humanistic therapist. d. psychoanalyst.
d. psychoanalyst.
400
Which kind of research would best enable you to predict academic success on the basis of performance on standard intelligence tests? a. the case study b. naturalistic observation c. experimental research d. correlational research
d. correlational research
400
Which of the following represents the core traits in the "Big Five" trait theory? a. Flexibility, competency, mood, internal integrity, sociability b. Extraversion, neuroticism, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness c. Thinking, feeling, judging, sensing, perceiving d. Creativity, adaptability, irritability, compatibility, congeniality
b. Extraversion, neuroticism, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness
400
Using the DSM model for diagnosing mental disorders a. has virtually eliminated inaccurate diagnoses. b. ensures that those with disorders are not given a negative label. c. can lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy for those with disorders. d. has been shown to remove the biases that psychologists may have about particular conditions.
c. can lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy for those with disorders.
400
A natural form of aversive conditioning is a. winning the lottery. b. food poisoning. c. taking a test. d. falling in love.
b. food poisoning.
400
Shaping can be used in behavioral therapy and is based on ____ principles. a. operant conditioning b. latent learning c. classical conditioning d. associative learning
a. operant conditioning
500
Which of the following describes the two personality factors developed by Hans Eysenck? a. How much flexibility is exhibited and how much comfort is felt when in the presence of others b. The level of activity and the degree of social conformity c. Where a person's energy is focused and how much control is exerted over emotions d. Where a person looks for a sense of self and the degree of self-acceptance
c. Where a person's energy is focused and how much control is exerted over emotions
500
In contrast to humanistic theory and the social cognitive theory, what do psychoanalytic theory and trait theory have in common? a. They both view personality as originating from forces outside of our control. b. They both emphasize the human capacity for good and productive behavior. c. They both involve a very scientific approach to studying personality. d. They both attempt a comprehensive explanation for how people develop their personalities.
a. They both view personality as originating from forces outside of our control.
500
Ahmet is a person with schizophrenia. His ideas are loosely associated when he speaks. For example, he may say, "The dog wandered into the storm. I picked up the peas with the fork for 72 days." Which one of the following symptoms of schizophrenia is most closely associated with Ahmet's behavior? a. Delusions b. Thought disorder c. Hallucinations d. Catatonia
b. Thought disorder
500
Antipsychotic medications like Haldol and Mellaril a. are more effective in treating the negative symptoms than the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. b. are more effective in treating the positive symptoms than the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. c. only work for about 20% of the people who take them. d. do not lead to tardive dyskinesia with long-term use.
b. are more effective in treating the positive symptoms than the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
500
Systematic desensitization is based on the idea that a. perceptions determine behaviors, rather than the other way around. b. one can't be anxious and relaxed at the same time. c. controlling one's emotions is the key to healthy behavior. d. the past is the best predictor of the future.
b. one can't be anxious and relaxed at the same time.
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