Cell Parts
A gel-like fluid in which many different organelles are found
Cytoplasm
Produces proteins; possibly attached to the endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosomes
What country was Robert Hooke from?
England
True or False? A cell is "The smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, typically microscopic and consisting of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane"
True
Difference between gene versus allele.
Gene: A genetic characteristic
Allele: A variant of a gene
Part of the nucleus that contains genetic material for the cell
Chromatin
Part of the nucleus that protects the material inside the nucleus
Nuclear Envelope
What is Robert Hooke known for?
Observing and identifying cells
True or False? "Cells are found in every foundational environment on the planet" is one of the main components of cell theory.
False
What is the difference between a dominant and recessive trait?
Gets materials from endoplasmic reticulum to send them to other parts
Golgi Body
Stores food, water, waste, and other materials
Vacuole
What did Robert Hooke call the "dead cells" he observed under the microscope?
Small Rooms
According to cell theory is the following statement true or false? "Cells account for the most numerous organisms on the planet"
False
Gregor Mendel is known as what?
The father of modern genetics
Network of passages that carries materials from parts of the cell to others
Endoplasmic reticulum
Contains chemicals to break down food particles and worn-out cell parts
Lysosomes
What did Robert Hooke build?
His own microscope
What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic are unicellular whereas eukaryotic are multicellular.
Name the four different molecular bases in DNA? And what they pair with.
Adenosine, thymine, guanine, cytosine. A-T, G-C
Part of the nucleus that produces ribosomes
Nucleolus
Produce most of the cell’s energy from molecules of macronutrients
Mitochondria
An instrument that uses different means (such as curved lenses and focused light) to make small objects appear larger
Microscope
What are the three main tenants of cell theory?
All living things are composed of cells
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things
All cells are produced from other cells
Basic Cell Division
chromosomes duplicate themselves, the nuclear envelope breaks down, the duplicated chromosomes separate, and the cell membrane pinches to form around the two new nuclear envelopes