Behavior Basics
Everything an organism does that passes the “dead man’s test.”
What is Behavior?
Type of conditioning involving elicited reflexes and stimulus-stimulus pairings.
What is respondent conditioning
Behavior increases because a stimulus is added.
What is positive reinforcement?
Reinforcement delivered after a set number of responses
What is a fixed ratio schedule?
Consequence delivered by another person.
A single instance of a behavior.
What is a response?
Three-term contingency consisting of antecedent, behavior, and consequence.
What is operant conditioning
Behavior increases because an aversive stimulus is removed.
What is negative reinforcement?
Schedule producing high, steady responding with little pause.
What is variable ratio?
Reinforcer that requires no learning history.
What is an unconditioned reinforcer?
Different behaviors that serve the same function.
What is a response class?
A previously neutral stimulus that now elicits a conditioned response.
What is conditioned stimulus?
Behavior decreases because a stimulus is added.
What is positive punishment?
Schedule known for producing a scallop pattern.
What is fixed interval schedule?
Reinforcer paired with many backup reinforcers and resistant to satiation.
What is a generalized conditioned reinforcer?
Group of stimuli sharing common features.
What is a stimulus class?
Student raises hand and receives praise, increasing future hand raising. This is an example of:
What is operant conditioning?
Behavior decreases because a preferred item is removed.
What is negative punishment?
Schedule providing reinforcement after unpredictable time intervals.
What is variable interval?
Consequence produced directly by the behavior itself.
What is automatic contingency?
Stimulus class based on common function rather than appearance
What is a functional stimulus class?
A student develops anxiety when seeing a red fire alarm box after previously experiencing a painful stimuli from the fire alarm noise. What is the red fire alarm box functioning as?
What is a conditioned stimulus?
A teacher gives a student a token for completing work. The student's work completion increases. What two questions must be answered to identify this contingency correctly?
Did the behavior increase/decrease, was a stimulus add/removed
Schedule in which components occur in a specific sequence and each serves as an SD for the next.
What is a chained schedule?
Two schedules alternate with no signal indicating which is active.
What is a mixed schedule?