Vocabulary
Definition of Artificial selection
Humans selecting specific traits in organisms
Who wrote the book Origin of the Species
Charles Darwin
What is the purpose of gene modification
To get rid of health problems and conditions
Example of selective breeding
the development of modern corn (maize) from the wild grass teosinte
Definition of natural selection
A process when specific organisms adapt to their surroundings
What conclusion did Charles Darwin make when he saw the different finches beaks
he decided that they must have come from a common ancector
Definition of gene modification
a process that uses laboratory-based technologies to alter the DNA makeup of an organism.
Examples of artificial selection
breeding cows for high milk production
Definition of selective breeding
When humans select certain traits in an organism and breed them together
Define common ancestor
Ancestral organisms shared by two or more descendent lineages.
Who is Mr green genes
a cat that glows
Examples of natural selection
Giraffes with longer necks are able to reach leaves that others can't.
Definition of homologous structures
similar anatomical features found in different organisms that share a common ancestor, even if they currently serve different functions
definition of evolution
the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth.
what does a dog need to live in the Arctic
long white fur
Example of variation
different beak shapes of Darwin's finches on the Galapagos Islands
Definition of analogous structures
anatomical features in different species that perform similar functions but have evolved independently
How many islands make up Galapagos
Total islands: 127
what is the purpose of double-muscled cows
more meat from the cows
Example of adaptation
The gills of fish