(Blank)
TWO CHARACTERISTICS OF CORTES/ PARLIAMENTS:
only monarch, nobility, clergy, government represented
only assembled at monarch's request
AN EXTREMELY DEADLY DISEASE THAT SPREAD THROUGH EUROPE BETWEEN 1347 AND 1352 AND IMPACTED CITIES THE MOST:
Black Death
Name the causes of the monarchs' power.
growth of cities and bourgeoisie influence
economic growth and tax collection
universities and court officials' better education
NAME THE TWO DIFFERENT TYPES OF TRADE THAT WERE INCREASED
trade between cities and countryside
trade between regions
WHERE DID PARLIAMENTS HAVE MORE POWER: IN CASTILE OR IN ARAGON?
Aragon
WHY WERE THERE VIOLENT PEASANT REVOLTS AFTER 100 YEARS WAR?
monarchs and nobility had raised taxes to compensate for war losses
What were guilds?
groups of artisans of the same trade that offered support and protection from competition
NAME THE TWO MAIN TRADE ROUTES:
Mediterranean route
Atlantic and Baltic route
WHAT WERE THE MAIN FUNCTIONS OF THE CORTES OR PARLIAMENTS?
raise taxes and approve additional financing for wars
NAME THREE FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO AGRICULTURAL CRISIS OF 13th CENTURY:
poor soil
in- demand textile plants replacing food crops
new farmland creation stopped
What three categories did professional careers as an artisan fall into?
Masters, journeymen, apprentices
Freeeee
300
WHAT WAS THE WESTERN SCHISM?
crisis of three popes competing for power at the same time in the 15th century; each pope supported by different countries
WHAT CONSEQUENCES DID THE AGRICULTURAL CRISIS HAVE?
increased prices, supply crisis of food in cities, hunger and malnutrition
Name the two types of urban schools:
Cathedral (religious) and municipal (city council) schools
NAME THE NEW WAYS TO MANAGE MONEY:
credit
banking and the 'money changer'
bills of exchange
WHAT WAS THE HUNDRED YEARS' WAR? WHO WAS A LEADING FIGHTER IN IT?
Wars over the King of England's claim to the French throne (1337-1453); Joan of Arc
WHY WERE THERE URBAN/CITY REVOLTS AFTER THE 100 YEARS WAR?
peasants wanted better salaries and working conditions
BRIEFLY DESCRIBE THE CHANGES IN MEDIEVAL CULTURE:
boom in architecture, new literary genres, epic/lyric/narrative poetry, rediscovery of Ancient Greek works, minstrel performances for those who couldn't read, philosophers popular (Thomas Aquinas)
Give me three characteristics of Gothic architecture
arches, vaults, light, buttresses, stain glass, vertical height