Cold War
The Cold War would best be described as ______
Series of political, economic, and military tensions between the US and Soviet Union
Why did the US decide to become involved in the Korean War?
Domino theory; they wanted to contain communism from spreading to South Korea.
In 1957, the USSR launched Sputnik, the first man-made object in space. Which event happened next?
The US invested in space programs, math, and science to compete with the Soviets, beginning the "Space Race"
In the case of Brown v. Board, the Supreme Court determined . . .
Segregation in public schools was unconstitutional and ordered all public schools to integrate "with all deliberate speed."
______ is the idea that Black people should have control of their own economy and politics apart from white society.
The _______ was a US policy that aimed to "contain" communism wherever it might spread in the world
Truman Doctrine
President Truman supported a _______ war in Korea, meaning the war had set objectives to obtain and was not aimed at completely destroying Korea.
Limited War
This strategy prevented nuclear war by ensuring that any attack with nuclear weapons would result in the destruction of both the US and Soviet Union.
Mutually Assured Destruction
The Montgomery Bus Boycotts resulted in . . .
Ending of segregation on public transport
Compare and contrast the beliefs and methods of Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X.
MLK: peaceful protest, integrating white and Black people together in society, civil disobedience
Malcolm X: strong belief in Black Nationalism, self-defense for the Black community, and that violence was sometimes necessary.
Define the term "Iron Curtain."
Metaphorical wall of separation placed between Eastern and Western Europe during the early Cold War.
What were some of the consequences of the Korean War?
Korea divided at the DMZ into North and South, North stayed communist, SEATO was formed to protect south Asian nations from communist influence.
Describe McCarthyism (who started the movement, what was it goals?)
Describe the "Little Rock Nine" and their story.
Nine Black teens in Little Rock, Arkansas who attempted to go to a desegregated white school. The state militia tried to stop them, but Eisenhower had to send the national guard to help escort them to school. It showed that most Southern schools would resist ending segregation for as long as possible.
Stokely Carmichael is a Civil Rights leader that is most closely associated with _____________
Black Power movement
The _______ was a policy in the United States to provide economic support to Western Europe to help rebuild after World War II.
Marshall Plan
Describe the Suez Crisis in 1956 and its outcome.
Egypt claimed the Suez Canal for themselves, which caused the UK, France, and Israel to try to use force to stop them. Eisenhower and the US sided with Egypt and stopped the others from attacking.
After World War II ended in 1945, the US saw a massive increase in birthrates. This population trend was called _______
Baby Boom (OK, Boomer!)
This lawyer handled Brown v. Board and later became the first Black Supreme Court Justice.
Thurgood Marshall
This 1964 law prohibited segregation in all parts of society and outlawed discrimination based on race, color, or national identity.
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Define and explain the purpose of both NATO and the Warsaw Pact.
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) was created to align several countries against possible communist aggression. The Warsaw Pact was similarly designed to align communist countries against western nations.
This 1957 policy promised military and economic aid to any country in the Middle East attempting to resist Soviet influence.
Eisenhower Doctrine
What's the difference between De Jure segregation and De Facto segregation?
De Jure: segregation put in place by law, such as the South with its Jim Crow laws.
De Facto: segregation caused by personal choice or custom, but not by law.
In the mid 1950s, a young Black teen named Emmett Till was brutally murdered by white men in the South. How did his death contribute to the Civil Rights movement?
His mother published his open casket funeral pictures for the world to see, and people realized how brutal the system of racial injustice was in the South.
These two laws prohibited interfering with citizens' voting rights.
24th Amendment: outlawed poll taxes
Voting Rights Act of 1965: prohibited literacy tests, grandfather clauses, etc.