What are pentose sugar, nitrogen base, and phosphate group?
100
name of the short segment of DNA that is synthesized away from the replication fork and are joined together to make up the lagging strand of newly synthesized DNA
What is an Okazaki fragment?
100
three nucleotide word
What is a codon?
100
coordination of body activities; detection of stimuli and formulation of responses to them
What is the nervous system?
100
four main stages of food processing
What are ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination?
200
three differences between RNA and DNA
What are sugar (ribose vs. deoxyribose), number of strands (RNA -1; DNA -2), nitrogen bases (ACTG or ACUG)?
200
the new complementary DNA strand synthesized continuously along the template strand toward the replication fork in the mandatory 5'-->3' direction
What is the leading strand?
200
3 things that occur during RNA processing
What is addition of modified guanine cap, poly A tail, and removal of introns?
200
Fights infection and cancer
What is the immune system?
200
organ in which absorption takes place
What is the small intestine?
300
Central Dogma
What is the order from DNA --> RNA ---> polypeptide?
(That then leads to trait)
300
enzyme that relieves overwinding strain ahead of replication forks by breaking, swiveling, and rejoining DNA strands
What is topoisomerase?
300
specific nucleotide sequence in the DNA of a gene that binds RNA polymerase, positioning it to start transcribing RNA at the appropriate place
What is a promoter?
300
homeostasis often relies on this type of regulation in which a change in a variable triggers a response that counteracts the initial change; regulation in which body is always attempting to maintain set point
What is negative feedback?
300
two cell types in the stomach and the products they produce
What are the chief cells (pepsinogen) and parietal cells (HCl)?
400
referring to the arrangement of the sugar-phosphate backbones in a DNA double helix, in that they run in opposite directions
What is antiparallel?
400
Provides the energy for the growing daughter strand
What is the nucleoside triphosphate (breaking off of the pyrophosphate from the nucleotide)?
400
the three sites in the ribosome in which tRNAs can be found
What are A, P, and E sites? (aminoacyl-tRNA binding site, peptidyl-tRNA binding site, and exit site)
400
three parts of a neuron, in the order in which impulses move through it
What are dendrites, cell body, and axon?
400
two things that promote one-way flow in the digestive system
What are sphincters and peristalsis?
500
one of two types of nitrogenous bases found in nucleotides; characterized by a six-membered ring bound to a five-membered ring
What is a purine?
500
enzyme that joins Okazaki fragments of lagging strand; on leading strand joins 3' end of DNA that replaces primer to rest of leading strand DNA
What is DNA ligase?
500
when the RNA carrying the growing polypeptide moves from the A site to the P site of the ribosome
What is translocation?
500
six types of connective tissue
What are loose connective, fibrous, bone, adipose, blood, and cartilage?
500
enzymes produced by the pancreas (list at least four)
What are pancreatic amylase, trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase, nuclease, lipase?