DNA Structure
DNA replication
Transcription
Translation
All
100
What is the backbone of DNA made up of?
Sugars and Phosphates
100
What is the result of DNA replication?
Two identical strands of DNA
100
Where does transcription occur?
The nucleus
100
Where does translation occur?
In the cytoplasm, with ribosomes
100
What are the purines
Adenine and guanine
200
What does Adenine pair up with during DNA replication?
Thymine
200
What are the parts of a nucleotide?
Sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
200
What enzyme makes an RNA copy of the DNA strand?
RNA polymerase
200
Genetic words are called ________ and they are spelled out by three bases.
codons
200
What does mRNA do?
it brings messages from the DNA to the cytoplasm
300
What are the four bases?
Adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
300
What type of bonds hold the DNA bases together?
Hydrogen bonds
300
What does rRNA do?
helps ribosomes connect to mRNA
300
What is the start and stop codons?
AUG, UAA, UGA, UAG
300
Proteins are made up of amino acids that are bonded by what?
peptide bonds
400
What is it called when DNA has a template strand, and a newly synthesized strand?
Semi-conservative
400
The model or shape of DNA is known as what?
Double Helix
400
What does tRNA do?
Transports the amino acids to the ribosomes
400
What is the process of turning the genetic message of mRNA into a protein?
Translation
400
Proteins perform a specific function based on their what?
Shape
500
Cytosine and Thymine are grouped together as what?
Pyrimidines
500
What three scientists help discover the structure of DNA?
Watson, Crick, Franklin
500
What are the three ways RNA differs from DNA?
Single stranded, ribose, uracil
500
How many amino acids are there and can they have more than one code?
20 and Yes
500
What does DNA and RNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid, ribonucleic acid
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