BIPOC Scholars
True or False? Mamie Clark was the first Black president of the American Psychological Association.
False, it was Kenneth Clark
True or False? How a person perceives their experiences shapes coping and identity
True
The Black maternal mortality rate is over
BLANK times the White rate.
Three
The four parenting styles quadrants described in class were high/low on what two dimensions?
Warmth and demandingness
What is a schema?
A mental framework that organizes knowledge, such as "dog = four legs, fur, barks.
True or False? Amos Wilson's studies suggest that Black children's development is best understood in comparison to white children.
False
Name the five stages of Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory.
Microsystem, Mesosystem, Exosystem, Macrosystem, and Chronosystem
What are the three stages of prenatal development?
germinal, embryonic, and fetal
Describe Harry Harlow's research study.
- Infant monkeys clung to a soft cloth 'mother' rather than a wire one that gave milk.
- Comfort, not food, drives attachment.
- Monkeys raised in isolation showed severe social
deficits.
What are the four stages of Piaget's theory of cognitve development
Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational
Many BIPOC developmental theorist moved from a BLANK to BLANK lens.
Deficit to strength-based
What are the three views of moral development?
Kohlberg (justice), Gilligan (care), and Tureil (domains)
Newborns are capable of many different reflexes, such as Babinski. What is Babinski?
fans toes when the sole is stroked
Describe what an authoritarian parenting style is.
Strict rules, high control, less warmth; "because I said so." (high demandingness and low warmth)
True or False? Many adults never use formal operations in every domain.
True
What is the first stage of William Cross's Nigrescence?
Pre-encounter
Based on Erik Erikson's theory, what psychosocial conflict should a fifteen-year-old child be navigating?
Identity vs. role confusion
Which motor milestone should a child meet around 6 months of age?
Sitting without support
Describe Mary Ainsworth strange situation (four stages).
Secure: Distressed when the caregiver leaves; seeks and is comforted by them on return.
Avoidant: Little distress at separation; ignores or avoids the caregiver at reunion
Resistance: Very distressed; seeks contact at reunion but also resists it; hard to soothe.
Disorganized: Confused or contradictory behavior; freezes or approaches with fear. (Main & Solomon, 1990)
Describe Vygotsky's zone of proximal development.
Tasks a child can master with guidance from a more skilled partner.
In 1995, Margaret Beale Spencer formulated what theory? This theory adds to which other theory?
1. Phenomenological Variant of Ecological Systems Theory (PVEST)
2. Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory
Achievement (high exploration and high commitment): Explored and committed
Foreclosure (high commitment and low exploration): Committed without exploring
Moratorium (low commitment and high exploration): Actively exploring, not yet committed
Diffusion (low commitment and low exploration): Neither exploring nor committed
Describe what synaptogenesis is.
Connections between neurons multiply rapidly in the first years.
Describe the four racial-ethnic socialization
AKA: How families teach children about race and culture (Hughes et al., 2006)
Cultural Socialization: Teaching heritage, history, traditions, and racial pride.
Promotion of Mistrust: Warning children to be wary of other groups
Preparation for bias: Preparing children to recognize and cope with
discrimination.
Egalitarianism:
Emphasizing shared humanity, or avoiding talk
of race
According to Piaget's four stages of cognitive development, what stage should a four year old toddler be going through?
Preoperational