Philip Nolan
Expedition
Expedition
True or False...Some filibusters desired Texas to be free of French authority, either as an independent country or as part of the United States.
False...Spanish authority not French
What year did Napoleon, the French emperor, invade Spain and depose the Spanish king?
1808
Military blockade of a city or fort.
Siege
True or False...Despite General Arredondo's punitive tactics, filibusters and revolutionary activities persisted in Louisiana.
False...Texas not Louisiana
Perhaps the best-known filibuster in Texas was ____________ of Natchez, Mississippi; he believed that Texas was part of the Louisiana Purchase and should have become US territory.
James Long
Military adventurers who attempted to incite revolt in other countries.
Filibusters
People of Spanish descent who had been born in Mexico.
Creole
On August 18, 1813, Arredondo and his army encountered the weaker Republican Army of the North, now primarily made up of Mexican insurgents, in what battle?
Battle of Medina
_____________, a Gutiérrez-Magee veteran, assembled a force of approximately 300 troops on Galveston Island.
Henry Perry
In what year did James Long and his troops invaded Texas and took Nacogdoches; declaring Texas independent, claiming that the people of Texas wished to join the United States.
1819
Spanish officials were told that Philip Nolan was working as a spy for _________________, the US commander in Louisiana and Nolan's former boss.
General James Wilkinson
People who had been born in Spain.
Peninsulares
_____________________, a native of Revilla on the Rio Grande, traveled to the United States to rally support for the rebels. Following Hidalgo's death, he planned to utilize Texas as a base to continue fighting.
José Gutiérrez de Lara.
An additional filibuster force, led by Spaniard ______________, arrived in Galveston and eventually joined Perry and Aury in their invasion of Mexico.
Francisco Xavier Mina
Long refused to give up and plotted a second invasion. In what year did his new army sail for Texas and land at Point Bolivar?
1820
In what year did Nolan and about 20 other men return to Texas, this time without permission? Spanish soldiers sent to arrest Nolan discovered his camp approximately 40 miles northwest of Waco. However, Nolan resisted arrest and was slain.
1800
On September 16, 1810, ____________________ , a creole priest in Dolores, Mexico, rang a church bell and demanded an end to peninsular authority. "Will you not defend your religion and freedom like good patriots? Long live Our Lady of Guadalupe! "Death to bad government!"
Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla
One of José Gutiérrez de Lara's recruits was a United States Army officer named ______________, who later became the force's co-commander.
Augustus William Magee
Perry and Mina were joined by ____________, a French pirate-adventurer. He was collaborating with Mexican insurgents to raid Spanish ships in the Gulf of Mexico. He hoped to profit from Mexico's war for independence.
Louis Michel Aury
In late 1821, James Long conquered La Bahía. However, ____________ soldiers swiftly reclaimed it and forced Long to surrender.
Spanish
When Spanish officials first learned of his conduct, they assumed he was seeking fortune. He was a US citizen who had originally arrived in Texas in 1791 as a mustang trader. He entered Texas three times with government approval, but some Spanish leaders became suspicious.
Philip Nolan
Supporters rallied to Father Hidalgo's cause. He quickly commanded a force of more than 50,000. As the army marched across Mexico, its support grew. However, in what year did Spanish soldiers apprehend and murder Father Hidalgo?
1811
Gutiérrez and Magee titled their army, which included both Mexican and American citizens, the _____________.
Republican Army of the North
French pirate _____________ established a base in Galveston. He had a long history as a pirate and smuggler in Louisiana. He had also fought for the United States at New Orleans during the War of 1812.
Jean Lafitte
While awaiting trial, Long was shot and killed by a Spanish soldier. Officials said Long's death was an accident, but his friends considered it murder. His death brought an end to the early ____________ period in Texas.
Filibuster