Filibusters and Mexican Independence
What event marked the beginning of the Mexican War of Independence?
Father Hidalgo's "grito de dolores"
Who declares himself emperor of Mexico after it gains independence?
Who helps lead a revolt to depose him (plus fifty points if you can give his full name)
Augustin Iturbide 1
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
was an American businessman, to avoid debtors prison he left the U.S
Baron de Bastrop helps him
in 1821 his grant was approved
died from pneumonia, so Stephen took over his fathers grant
What were slaves categorized as?
Why did slavery flourish?
property
because of the plantations
What year did Haden Edwards receive his empresario grant?
What town was to be the capital of Edwards' colony?
1825
Nacogdoches
What filibuster expedition entered Texas to help the republican side of the Mexican War of Independence?
What battles did that expedition fight, in what year and in chronological order?
Gutierrez - Magee Expedition
Battle of Rosillo (March 29, 1813), Battle of Alazan (June 20, 1813), and the Battle of Medina (August, 1813)
What did the Constitution of 1824 do?
What branches of government did it establish?
Divided Mexico into states
Catholocism is made the official religion
Executive: enforces the laws
Legislative: makes the laws
Judicial: judges the laws
What year does Stephen F. Austin begin his colony without official approval and what year is it officially approved?
1821
1823
What year was slavery outlawed?
13%
1829
How many families does Edwards have permission to settle?
What two requirements does Edwards have for the old settlers?
800 families
1. to show their legal titles (which many of them don't have)
2. requires extra fees for previous settlers to stay
Which filibusters came to Texas in 1817?
Which filibusters come to Texas in 1819 or 1820?
Henry Perry and Francisco Xavier Mina
Jose Gutierrez and John Long
What three effects did the Mexican war of Independence have on Texas:
What was the solution:
1. Severe Depopulation
2. Economic Devastation
3. Increased Native Hostility
Mexico allows settlement by Americans.
Who are the Old 300, how many slaves did they bring with them, and what is the capital of Austin's colony?
the first settlers in Austins empresario colony
100 slaves
San Felipe de Austin
How many freedmen lived in Texas?
What three native tribes especially influenced settlers in Texas?
150 freed African Americans
The Comanche and the Apache raided
The Karankawa attacked Austin's colony but eventually surrendered and were relocated to La Bahia
Who is elected alcalde of Edwards colony?
How do the old settlers react to the election?
What does the Mexican government do in response to the situation?
his son in law
they claimed it was fraudulent
they install their own alcalde and cancel Edwards empresario grant
Name two times for when independence in Texas has been declared:
1. Battle of Rosillo
2. Long captured Nacogdoches
After their long term failure, what did Mexico do to the mission system?
What law legalizes foreign settlement of Texas?
1821 to 1836
Mexico worked to secularize the missions
The Colonization Law of 1824
Three most common types of houses and what they are made of:
Jaceles: homes made out of a blend of sticks and mud
Adobe Houses: homes made out of baked mud bricks
Dog-Run houses: log cabins with two rooms, divided by a breezeway
What three things did he suggest?
1. Mexican influence was almost nonexistent north of San Antonio
2. Mexican support existed mostly in Laredo and San Antonio
3. Stephen F. Austin remained loyal to Mexico
4. That Anglo settlers outnumbered Tejanos 10:1
1. Increasing trade between Mexico and Texas
2. Stationing additional soldiers
3. Recruiting additional European settlers.
When is the Fredonian Declaration of Independence issued?
What did Stephen F. Austin do?
What Native American tribe does the Fredonian Republic ally itself with?
When do the rebels flee to the United States?
December 21, 1826
He sent 100 men to help the Mexican Army put down the rebellion.
The Cherokee
January 1827
Give the full name of the man who took over for the republicans in the Mexican War of Independence after Father Hidalgo's death?
When is he executed?
Father Jose Maria Morelos y Pavon
December 1815 by a firing squad
Define an empresario (plus 50 points if you can get the definition word for word)
Someone who received grants of land to recruit settlers to move to Texas and live in a colony run by the empresario
Three types of settlers:
What kind of society did Texas have?
Subsistence Farmers: making only enough food to feed their families
Wealthier settlers established plantations to produce cash crops: tobacco and cotton
Ranches, which raised livestock to sell
An agrarian society: the economy is based on producing and maintaining crops, livestock, and farmlands
What was the Mexican Governments response and what did it do?
The Law of April 6, 1830
1. banned immigration from the U.S.
2. banned all transportation of slaves
3. suspended all unfilled empresario contracts
How does 1. Mexico and the 2. United States react to the revolution?
1. The Mexican government saw the revolt as a part of a United States plot to take Texas, and overall, it fueled Mexican paranoia about Anglo settlers and the USA.
2. They supported and sympathized with the revolution.