Compare and Contrast
Which signal word is commonly used to show a similarity?
"similar" or "both"
Which signal word indicates cause and effect: "because", "for example", or "first"?
because
Which signal word is commonly used in problem and solution text structure: "issue", "then", or "both"?
Which signal word shows the order of events: "First," "Next," or "However"?
First" or "Next"
What text structure "provides details about a specific topic clearly" and often uses signal words such as "for example" and "including"?
Descriptive
Which organizer helps compare two subjects and show what they share and what is different?
Venn diagram
What is a simple cause-and-effect sentence using the word "because"?
Example — "The leaves fell because the weather became cold."
What graphic organizer is suggested for showing a problem and its solution?
Two side-by-side boxes labeled problem and solution
What graphic organizer is recommended for showing sequence or order of events?
Connected boxes or timeline
Name two signal words commonly used in description passages.
For example, including
Name two signal words that show contrast
"however" and "on the other hand"
Which graphic organizer might illustrate causes leading to effects?
Flowchart
Give a one-sentence example of a problem-solution statement about a lost backpack.
Problem: A student lost a backpack. Solution: Put name tags inside and outside to help find it."
Identify the text structure used when a writer lists steps to make a peanut butter sandwich.
Sequence/Chronological
Which graphic organizer could help a reader organize details for a description passage?
Cluster Diagram
Given the sentence pair: "Dogs are loyal. Cats are independent." Which text structure would a paragraph comparing these pets use?
Compare & Contrast
Identify the cause and the effect: "The alarm did not sound, so the students were late."
Cause: alarm did not sound. Effect: students were late.
Identify the problem and solution: "The class plants were dying. The students started watering them every morning."
Problem: plants were dying. Solution: students watered them every morning.
Order these words to show sequence in a procedure: then, finally, first, next.
first, next, then, finally
Read this mini-sentence: "The rainforest is full of plants, animals, and layers of trees." Which text structure is this sentence most likely part of?
Descriptive
Write two short sentences that compare and contrast summer and winter, using one similarity and one difference signal word (e.g., "both", "however"). Identify the signal words you used.
Example response — "Both summer and winter change what clothes we wear. However, summer is warm while winter is cold." Signal words: "Both", "However
Read this scenario and write a cause-and-effect sentence: "There was heavy rain all night. The school bus couldn't reach the road."
"Because there was heavy rain all night, the school bus couldn't reach the road." Cause word: "Because".
Read this short passage and identify whether it is problem & solution, and state both the problem and the solution: "Many students missed lunch because the line was too long. The school added a second lunch line to make service faster."
Structure: Problem & Solution. Problem: students missed lunch because the line was too long. Solution: school added a second lunch line.
Read the short process: "Boil water. Add pasta. Cook 8 minutes. Drain." Rewrite this as a single paragraph using sequence signal words.
First, boil water. Next, add the pasta and cook for eight minutes. Finally, drain the pasta."
Write a short two-sentence description of a school cafeteria that includes a signal phrase (e.g., "for example"). Identify the signal phrase.
Example response — "The cafeteria is bright and busy at lunchtime. For example, students choose from pizza, salads, and sandwiches." Signal phrase: "For example".)