Specific Learning Disability
A disorder in one or more of the psychological processes involved in understanding or using language, spoken or written, that may manifest itself in the imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or to do mathematical calculations.
What is the definition of specific learning disability?
An impairment in the ability to receive, send, process, and comprehend concepts or verbal, nonverbal and graphic symbol systems.
What is a communication disorder?
A neurodevelopmental disorder marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior and interests.
What is autism spectrum disorder?
Significantly subaverage general intellectual functioning, existing concurrently with deficits in adaptive behavior and manifested during the developmental period, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance
What is intellectual disability?
Chronicity, severity, and difficulty in school.
What are the three conditions of emotional disturbance?
Standardized intelligence and achievement tests, criterion-referenced tests, curriculum-based measurement (CBM), and direct and daily measurement.
What are assessments commonly used to identify students with learning disabilities?
A communication disorder, such as stuttering, impaired articulation, a language impairment, or a voice impairment that adversely affects a child’s educational performance”
What is a speech or language impairment?
A developmental disability affecting verbal and nonverbal communication and social interaction, generally evident before age three, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance.
What is the IDEA definition of autism?
A standardized test consisting of a series of questions, problem-solving tasks, memory, and other items assumed to require certain degrees of intelligence. Can identify an overall deficit in cognitive functioning.
What is an IQ test?
Getting out of their seats, yelling, talking out, disturbing peers, hitting or fighting, or ignoring the teacher.
What are externalizing behaviors?
•A severe discrepancy between the student’s intellectual ability and academic achievement.
•An exclusion criterion.
•A need for special education services.
What are the three criteria for a specific learning disability?
A school-based professional with primary responsibility for identifying, evaluating, and providing therapeutic services to children with communication disorders.
What is a speech-language pathologist?
Engagement in repetitive activities and stereotyped movements, resistance to environmental change or change in daily routines, and unusual responses to sensory experiences.
What are characteristics associated with Autism?
Slow learning rates, poor memory, attention problems, difficulty maintaining and generalizing what they have learned, and poor motivation.
Lack the social skills needed to make friends and have fun, and often retreat into daydreams. Extremely fearful of certain things without reason and go into deep bouts of depression.
What are internalizing behaviors?
Dyslexia, brain injury, minimal brain dysfunction, perceptual disabilities, and developmental aphasia.
What conditions are included under specific learning disability?
Distortions, substitutions, omissions, and additions.
What are the four basic kinds of speech-sound errors?
A 15-item rating scale completed by the clinician based on information from a parent report, records, and direct observation of the child
What is the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS-2)?
-significantly subaverage intellectual functioning
-an individual must also have significant difficulty with tasks of everyday living (adaptive behavior)
-the deficits in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior must occur during the developmental period to help distinguish intellectual disability from other disabilities
What are the three criteria for an intellectual disability diagnosis?
An inability to learn that cannot be explained by intellectual, sensory, and health factors;
An inability to build or maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationships with peers and teachers;
Inappropriate types of behavior or feelings under normal circumstances;
A general pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression; or
A tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears associated with personal or school problems.
What is the IDEA definition of emotional disturbance?
Learning problems that are the primary result of visual, hearing, or motor disabilities, intellectual disability, emotional disturbance, or environmental, cultural, or economic disadvantage.
What disorders are not included in the specific learning disability category?
Interesting materials, out-of-reach materials, inadequate portions, choice making, assistance, and unexpected situations.
What are the Six Strategies for Increasing Naturalistic Opportunities for Language Teaching?
Provides a scientific approach to designing, conducting, and evaluating instruction based on empirically verified principles describing functional relationships between events in the environment and behavior change. Children receive repeated opportunities to practice and use their new skills across the day, with different settings, people, and situations.
What is Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)?
Assessing a student’s performance by breaking down complex or multistep skills into smaller, easier-to-learn subtasks. The subskills or subtasks are then sequenced, either in the natural order in which they are typically performed or from easiest to most difficult.
What is task analysis?
The process of differentiating between children who either show signs of behavioral disturbance or seem to be at risk for developing challenging behavior from those who are not likely to be disabled
What is screening?