Cold War Politics
United Nations
Eastern Europe vs. Western Europe
Decolonization
Fall of Soviet Union
100
The leader of the Soviet Union. Neither President Franklin D. Roosevelt or British Prime Minister Winston Churchill approved of his communist system. They also did not trust him.
What is Joseph Stalin?
100
A document signed by the US and Britain before the US even entered WWII. It supported the establishment of a peacekeeping world organization after the war. (In 1944, representatives from the US, Britain, Russia, and China drafted proposals that resulted in the United Nations Charter.)
What is the Atlantic Charter?
100
Britain's controversial Prime Minister, she served from 1979 until 1990. She privatized business and industry, cut back on social welfare programs, strengthened national defense, got tough with labor unions, and returned to market-free controls on the economy.
Who is Margaret Thatcher?
100
Leader of the African National Congress in South Africa. He was released from a life-term prison sentence in 1990 and was elected the first black president of South Africa in 1994. This was the first truly democratic election held in that country.
Who was Nelson Mandela?
100
He replaced Leonid Brezhnev as leader of the Soviet Union in 1982. He looked and acted more "western" and was more open to western-style reforms.
Who is Mikhail Gorbachev?
200
A United States program that provided loans to aid the nations of western Europe to rebuild war-torn lands.
What is the Marshall Plan?
200
One of two main bodies of the United Nations Charter, this group includes representatives from all member states. They vote on non-security issues.
What is the General Assembly?
200
Countries occupied and controlled by the Soviet government. These included most of eastern Europe and the Balkans. Greece, Albania, and Yugoslavia were not included.
What are satellite states?
200
An Indian leader, he was an English-educated Hindu who believed that civil disobedience was the best way to break free from British control. However, he was not as successful in creating unity between the Muslims and Hindus in India.
Who was Mohandas K. Ghandhi?
200
Leader of the USSR after Stalin died in 1953. He denounced Stalin's practices and revealed the existence of a letter written by Lenin before he died. In the letter, Lenin was also critical of Stalin. This began the process of deStalinization which led to reforms. He was replaced in the 1960s by Leonid Brezhnev.
Who was Nikita Khrushchev?
300
Built in 1961 by a communist government, the official purpose of this Cold War symbol was to keep Western “fascists” from entering the communist controlled (east) section and undermining the socialist state, but its primary purpose was to prevent mass defections from East to West. It stood until November 9, 1989,
What is the Berlin Wall?
300
One of two main bodies of the United Nations Charter, this group is dominated by the major Allied powers. It is charged with keeping world peace. I t was composed of five members- Britain, China, France, Soviet Union, and the US- all who had to approve any action that the United Nations took in world crisis.
What is the Security Council?
300
He was the hero of the French Liberation forces and temporarily headed the provisional government. He returned to power in the late 1950s to address the Algerian crisis. He left the presidential office in 1969.
Who was Charles De Gaulle?
300
The most populous country in Africa, it had 42 million people in 1942. Britain granted it independence in 1960. Like most other newly created African countries, its borders were drawn arbitrarily. The combination of Muslim and Christian regions created a problem with nationalism.
What is Nigeria?
300
One of Gorbachev's radical reform attempts, it transferred many economic powers held by the central government into private hands and the market economy. It was his least successful reform.
What is Perestroika?
400
"I believe that it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures." President of the United States, 1947
What is the Truman Doctrine?
400
This country was taken over by a communist government in 1949. It created complications within the United Nations and they did not recognize its legitimacy until 1972.
What is China?
400
It was formed in 1957 by France, West Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and Italy. Its purpose was to eliminate customs barriers and create a large free-trade area. Also called the Common Market, it became one of the largest steel producing area of the world, second only to the US.
What is the European Economic Community (EEC)?
400
A country carved out of French Indo-China in 1954. Laos, the other part of Indo-China had already become a nation in 1949.
What is Cambodia?
400
This country, on the verge of economic collapse and without Soviet support to suppress rebellion, relented to the pressure to hold free Parliamentary elections in 1989. The Communist party was defeated and Solidarity candidate, Lech Walesa, became president. The USSR refused to interfere in the new political process. This inspired other satellite nations to assert their independence from Soviet rule.
What is Poland?
500
The Soviet Unions organization of eastern European countries into a military alliance in order to counter NATO. NATO stands for North Atlantic Treaty Organization and is composed of the United States, Canada, and a group of western European countries.
What is the Warsaw Pact?
500
A war that saw the Northern Communist section of a country invade the southern pro-western part in 1950. The country had been divided in half (at the 38th parallel) at the end of WWII. The UN sent troops to defend the southern part of the nation, but only because the Soviet delegation was absent when the Security Council voted to condemn the actions of the northern communist invaders.
What was the Korean War?
500
Communist leader of Yugoslavia. After WWII, he gained support from the Serbs, Muslims, and Croats to mount a revolution to establish a government that was free from Soviet control.
Who was Tito (Josip Broz)?
500
The nationalist leader of Egypt. He became leader after the Egyptian king was driven out and ties were cut with Britain. he declared that the Suez Canal belonged to Egypt in 1956. Despite protests from Britain and France, the US sided with him and pressured its allies to support Egypt's nationalization of the canal.
Who was Gamel Abdel Nasser?
500
The largest and most powerful of the 15 republics that separated from the USSR after the Russian Revolution of 1991. Boris Yeltsin emerged as the first president of this country.
What is the Russian Federation?
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