European Explorers
A person who makes maps.
Cartographer
An Indian soldier who represents a European power.
Sepoy
A conqueror
Conquistador
The European nation that first took control over modern-day Canada.
France
A policy where nations sought to export more than they imported in order to gain more gold and silver.
Mercantilism
The first (Portuguese) explorer to sail around Africa to get to India.
Vasco de Gama
The Muslim empire that controlled India before England took over.
He invaded modern-day Mexico and destroyed the Aztec Empire
Hernan Cortes
A representative of the King of Spain who ruled a colony in his name.
Viceroy
The exchange of goods, ideas, and disease across the Atlantic Ocean between the old and new worlds.
Colombian Exchange
The year Christopher Columbus landed in Hispanola.
1492
The Japanese port city where trade with the Dutch was authorized, though limited.
Nagasaki
He invaded modern-day Peru in South America and deposed the Inca empire.
Francisco Pizzaro
War between France and England for control over land in North America.
French and Indian War (also known as Seven Years War)
The trip enslaved Africans were forced to make across the Atlantic to European colonies.
The Middle Passage
The treaty that established a Line of Demarcation between Portuguese and Spanish landholdings
Treaty of Tordesillas
The Italian Jesuit priest who moved to China and spread European knowledge.
Matteo Ricci
The highest social class in Spanish America
Peninsulares
The Treaty that ended the French and Indian War
Treaty of Paris
Tax on imports or exports.
Tariffs
The first explorer to circumnavigate the globe.
Ferdinand Magellan
Term meaning to have full, independent power
sovereign
Pirates hired by European powers to rob other European powers in the New World.
Privateers
Three reasons that motivated European explorers to colonize the New World.
1. Religion
2. Gold
3. Trade
4. Glory
economic system in which the means of production are privately owned and operated for profit
Capitalism
The first permanent Dutch settlement in Africa.
Cape Town
The Chinese dynasty during the Age of Discovery. They expanded China's borders.
Qing Dynasty
Translator to Hernan Cortes, she married a Spaniard and moved to Europe.
Malinche
A Dominican Priest who advocated for human rights for the Indigenous population of the New World
Bartolomeu de las Casas
economic cycle that involves a rapid rise in prices linked to a sharp increase in the amount of money available
Inflation