Rats, Disease and Disaster!
This catastrophe decimated almost half the population of Europe.
Note: Two Word Answer
the "Black Death" (greatest plague in history)
What is the name of the region or the countries in which Europe traded for spices and silks during the Medieval period?
"Far East" or "India and China"
The disruption of trade when the Ottoman Empire (the Turks) captured this city which was the most important gateway to trade between Europe and Asia.
Constantinople
Which country was the first to start creating wealth through trade?
Portugal
The Church was interested in exploration of the New World because of what?
To spread the gospel and to convert the pagans in the New World
This first Papal Bull in 1452 gave Portugal permission to "invade, capture, vanquish and subdue" non-Christians and Pagans in the new lands. This later was used as the justification to expand slavery.
Dum Diversas
A major reason that the Black Death spread as fast as it did was because of these animals who carried the bacteria in their fleas
Rats
What was the nickname for the route across the middle east that led to the spices and silks of the Far East?
"The Silk Road"
Europeans depended heavily on this expensive and beautiful trade item which was extremely important to the Church as well as to merchants all over Europe.
Silk for clothing, vestments and tapestries
When the Turks took over the Silk Road Spain had a BIG IDEA of how to get around them in order to trade in the far east. What was this idea?
To sail WEST across the Atlantic Ocean and circle the entire globe to end up in the Far East
Europe was very religious in the 1400s and the Kings wanted the Church to approve their claims in other lands. Why?
To make them appear: (Any of the following) legitimate OR moral OR Noble OR Holy
This Papal Bull in 1455 gave Portugal exclusive rights to trade on the West African Coast which made them very wealthy.
Romanus Pontifex
The four groups of people in Medieval society that were very motivated to explore new lands. Who were they?
Kings, Merchants, Peasants and the Church
Who were the people the Europeans worked with as "middle men" between themselves and traders in the Far East
Turks
The old trade route depended on land travel through what important country ?
Turkey
The Spanish were primarily motived to build stable ________ in the new lands and bring the goods and natural resources of these lands back to Spain to sell.
Colonies
What were the official letters issued by the Pope that created rules and for exploration?
Papal Bulls OR "Doctrine of Discovery"
Spain was furious at the Pope's favor to Portugal in trade and to calm them down, the Pope issued this Papal Bull in 1493 that drew a line down the Atlantic Ocean dividing the exploration rights. What was this Papal Bull
Inter catera
What was the name of the social system in Medival times that put kings and nobles at the top of society with land and riches and the merchants and poor people on the bottom?
Feudal Systemn or Feudalism
Which one of these things were NOT part of the imports from the Far East into Portugal:
a)Silk, b) spices, c) enslaved peoples
Enslaved persons
What group of people in society benefited the most from the trade economy?
Merchants
When trade was interrupted by the Turks on the "Silk Road", Portugal had a BIG IDEA as to how to get to the Far East from Portugal - what was it?
Portugal decided to sail completely around Africa and land in the Far East
The Church knew that Spain and Portugal were powerful countries but in terms of creating wealth, they were also fierce ______.
Rivals
After the Pope divided the exploration territories between Spain and Portugal, Portugal became furious! So Spain and Portugal met and negotiated a new deal that was called ____________________ and it moved the division line further ______________ (north, south, east or west). (both answers must be correct)
Treaty of Tordesillas moved the line to the WEST
This word means "destroyed or wiped out" and is a good description of what happened to the economy during the plagues and famines
Decimated
What type of exceptional and expensive ceramics (pottery) were Europeans getting from the Far East
Porceline (also know as "fine china")
When the Turks blocked the trade route they would only let the European traders though if the paid a very, very big ___________ on all the goods imported.
The Portuguese were primarly motivated to just build ___________ _________ to increase the speed of trade in order to make more money and _______ to protect them and their ships
Trading Posts and Forts
In order to accomplish its goals in exploration, the church sent ________ to the New World
Missionaries
In 1537 the Pope issued two Bulls that attempted to cancel the previous Bulls. These two bulls were ____________ which declared the natives had human rights and ___________________ which stated anyone continuing to enslave people would be excommunicated
Sublimis Deus
Pastorale Officium
Spain needed a large labor force to farm their new plantations in the Americas but the natives quickly got sick and many died from the diseases brought from Europe. How did Spain solve this problem?
By increasing the slave trade from Africa who were immune to many of the European diseases
In the Age of Discovery, this word meant that one country had total and complete trading rights over a specific territory and other countries were not allowed to trade in this region
Monopoly
Prince Henry was from _______________and his major contribution to the exploration race was the building of the first_______________ ___________.
(You must get all three answers correct)
a. Portugal
b. Navigation School
Who were the King and Queen of Spain during the Age of Exploration
King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
In this Papal Bull, the Pope threatened that any country other than Portugal that tried to explore Africa would be excommunicated!
Romanus Pontifex
True or False:
The Papal Bulls Sublimis Deus and Pastorale Officium that banned slavery in 1537, were successful in ending the slave trade to the American territories
False, the colonists, conquistatdors and others making a lot of money on the slave trade basically ignored the threat and slavery continued until the late 1800s